The intermediate gall sizes produced by gallflies are a result of
i. predatory birds selecting against large galls.
Ii) parasitoid wasps selecting against large galls.
Iii) parasitoid wasps selecting against small galls.
Iv) predatory birds selecting against small galls.

A) i and ii
B) i and iii
C) ii and iv
D) iii and iv

Gallflies

Insects that induce the formation of galls on plants, which serve as both habitat and food sources for the larva of the fly.

Predatory Birds

Birds that hunt and feed on other animals, characterized by keen vision that allows them to detect prey during flight.

Parasitoid Wasps

A group of wasps whose larvae live as parasites that eventually kill their host.