The ecological fallacy refers to the belief that a generalized cultural value, such as individualism, does not apply equally to all members of that culture.

Ecological Fallacy

The error of assuming that relations observed for groups necessarily hold for individuals within those groups.

Individualism

A social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

Culture

The collective norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors that define an organization and influence its members' interactions and decision-making.