Martha has been HIV-positive for several years, though she does not currently have AIDS. She is nearing the end of her first pregnancy, and is afraid that she may pass the HIV on to her child. Are her concerns warranted?

A) No, because she can have a surgical birth (Caesarean section) that will eliminate the chance of this occurring.
B) Yes, as the virus can be transmitted to a baby while giving birth.
C) No, because the fetus has antibodies that will prevent transmission of this virus.
D) No, because the placenta continues to protect the child from illnesses after he or she is born.

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Criis DanGer · Accepted Answer

Final Answer : B, Explanation :  Martha's concerns are warranted because HIV can be transmitted to a baby during childbirth. However, there are interventions that can greatly reduce the chances of transmission, including antiretroviral medication during pregnancy and delivery, and a Caesarean section birth if the mother's viral load is high. It is important for Martha to discuss her options with her healthcare provider. The other options presented are incorrect: a Caesarean section birth does not eliminate the chance of transmission completely, antibodies in the fetus do not provide protection against HIV, and while the placenta does offer some protection against illnesses, it is not likely to prevent transmission of HIV from a mother to her child.

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