For which of the following market structures is it assumed that there are barriers to entry?

A) Perfect competition
B) Monopolistic competition
C) Monopoly
D) all of the above
E) B and C only

Barriers To Entry

Obstacles that make it difficult for new firms to enter a market, which may include high start-up costs, regulatory hurdles, or strong competition.

Monopolistic Competition

Market in which firms can enter freely, each producing its own brand or version of a differentiated product.

Monopoly

A market structure characterized by a single seller controlling the entire supply of a unique product or service, without close substitutes.