_____ are differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical period and society in which they were born and developed.

A) Butterfly effects
B) Longitudinal effects
C) Cohort effects
D) Hawthorne effects

Cohort Effects

Variations in the characteristics of an area of study (like attitudes or behaviors) over time, among individuals who are defined by some shared temporal experience or common life experience.

Longitudinal Effects

Outcomes or impacts that can be observed over extended periods of time, often used to assess how certain variables or interventions influence development or behavior.

Butterfly Effects

The concept that small causes can have large effects, particularly in the context of a chaotic system, where minute variations in initial conditions can result in vastly different outcomes.