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______________ is the process that uses electrical energy to drive a nonspontaneous chemical reaction.

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What product forms at the anode during the electrolysis of molten NaBr?


A) Na+(l)
B) Na(l)
C) Br-(l)
D) Br3-(l)
E) Br2(g)

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What is E°cell for the following reaction? 2Fe2+(aq) + Cd2+(aq) → 2Fe3+(aq) + Cd(s) Fe3+(aq) + e- →Fe2+ (aq) E° = 0.77 V Cd2+(aq) + 2e- → Cd(s) E° = -0.40 V


A) -0.37 V
B) 0.37 V
C) -1.17 V
D) 1.17 V
E) None of these choices is correct

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A voltaic cell consists of a Mn/Mn2+ electrode (E° = -1.18 V) and a Fe/Fe2+ electrode (E° = -0.44 V) .Calculate [Fe2+] if [Mn2+] = 0.050 M and Ecell = 0.78 V at 25°C.


A) 0.040 M
B) 0.24 M
C) 1.1 M
D) 1.8 M
E) None of these choices is correct.

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Which is incorrect?


A) At equilibrium,Ecell = 0.
B) E > 0 for a spontaneous process.
C) E = 0 for a spontaneous process.
D) ΔG < 0 for a spontaneous process.
E) ΔG = 0 at equilibrium.

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___________ - _________ fuel cells provide electrical power and drinking water for space flights.

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In a fuel cell,an external source of electrical power is used to drive a nonspontaneous reaction in which a fuel is produced.

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Which is the half-reaction at the cathode in a lead storage battery?


A) Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 4H+(aq) + 2SO42-(aq) → 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
B) PbO2(s) + 4H+(aq) + 2SO42-(aq) + 2e- → PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
C) Pb(s) + SO42-(aq) → PbSO4(s) + 2e-
D) Pb(s) → Pb(s) + 2e-
E) H2(g) → 2H+(aq) + 2e-

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E > 0 and ΔG < 0 for a spontaneous process.

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Which of the following is correct?


A) total charge = volts/coulombs
B) electrical energy = volts × coulombs
C) Faraday = coulombs/joules
D) coulombs = joules × volts
E) electrical work = Faraday's constant/Ecell

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Which of the following elements can be isolated by electrolysis of the aqueous salt shown?


A) Phosphorus from K3PO4(aq)
B) Sodium from NaBr(aq)
C) Aluminum from AlCl3(aq)
D) Fluorine from KF(aq)
E) Iodine from NaI(aq)

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Consider the reaction in the lead-acid cell Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) → 2PbSO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) For which E°cell = 2.04 V at 298 K.ΔG° for this reaction is


A) -3.94 × 105 kJ/mol.
B) -3.94 × 102 kJ/mol.
C) -1.97 × 105 kJ/mol.
D) -7.87 × 102 kJ/mol.
E) -7.87 × 105 kJ/mol.

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Consider the following balanced redox reaction. 3CuO(s) + 2NH3(aq) → N2(g) + 3H2O(l) + 3Cu(s) Which of the following statements is true?


A) CuO(s) is the oxidizing agent and copper is reduced.
B) CuO(s) is the oxidizing agent and copper is oxidized.
C) CuO(s) is the reducing agent and copper is oxidized.
D) CuO(s) is the reducing agent and copper is reduced.
E) CuO(s) is the oxidizing agent and N2(g) is the reducing agent.

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If the following electrochemical cell is constructed,what voltage will be measured on the voltmeter? If the following electrochemical cell is constructed,what voltage will be measured on the voltmeter?   Half-Reaction E° (V)  Zn<sup>2+</sup>(aq) + 2e<sup>-</sup> →Zn(s) -0.76 Ag<sup>+</sup>(aq) + e<sup>-</sup> → Ag(s) +0.80 A) 2.36 V B) 1.56 V C) 0.04 V D) -0.04 V E) -2.36 V Half-Reaction E° (V) Zn2+(aq) + 2e- →Zn(s) -0.76 Ag+(aq) + e- → Ag(s) +0.80


A) 2.36 V
B) 1.56 V
C) 0.04 V
D) -0.04 V
E) -2.36 V

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What is ΔG° at 200°C for the following reaction? (F = 96,500 C • mol-1) 2Na(l) + FeCl2(s) What is ΔG° at 200°C for the following reaction? (F = 96,500 C • mol<sup>-1</sup>)  2Na(l) + FeCl<sub>2</sub>(s)    2NaCl(s) + Fe(s) E°<sub>cell</sub> = 2.35 V A) 454 kJ/mol B) -454 kJ/mol C) 907 kJ/mol D) -907 kJ/mol E) 227 kJ/mol 2NaCl(s) + Fe(s) E°cell = 2.35 V


A) 454 kJ/mol
B) -454 kJ/mol
C) 907 kJ/mol
D) -907 kJ/mol
E) 227 kJ/mol

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What is ΔG° for the following reaction? (F = 96,500 C • mol-1) I2(s) + 2Br-(aq) → 2I-(aq) + Br2(l) Given: I2(s) (aq) + 2e- → 2I-(aq) E°= 0.53 V Br2(l) + 2e- → 2Br-(aq) E° = 1.07 V


A) +104 kJ/mol
B) -104 kJ/mol
C) +309 kJ/mol
D) +52 kJ/mol
E) -52 kJ/mol

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When the following redox equation is balanced with the smallest whole number coefficients,what is the coefficient for nitrogen dioxide? I2(s) + HNO3(aq) → HIO3(aq) + NO2(g) + H2O(l)


A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
E) 10

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What is meant by SHE?


A) Shared half electrodes
B) Shifting half of the electricity
C) Standard hydrogen electrode
D) Small helium electrode
E) Standard Hg electrode

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What is the standard free-energy change for the following reaction at 25°C? (F = 96,500 C • mol-1) 2Al(s) + 3Sn4+(aq,1 M) → 2Al3+(aq,1 M) + 3Sn2+(aq,1 M) Half-Reaction Eo (V) Al3+(aq) + 3e- → Al(s) -1.66 Sn4+(aq) + 2e- →Sn2+(aq) +0.13


A) -1.79 kJ/mol
B) 1.79 kJ/mol
C) -1.04 × 103 kJ/mol
D) -3.45 × 102 kJ/mol
E) 5.18 × 102 kJ/mol

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If ΔG° of the following reaction is -110 kJ/mol,what is E°cell? (F = 96,500 C • mol-1) A3+(aq) + 3B(s) → A(s) + 3B+(aq)


A) +0.38 V
B) -0.09 V
C) -0.38 V
D) +0.00038 V
E) +0.09 V

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