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Inconsolable crying for hours at a time is a characteristic of


A) milk allergy.
B) dehydration.
C) milk anemia.
D) colic.

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A pregnant woman who is overweight should restrict her caloric intake and attempt to lose weight before delivery.

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All cases of neural tube defects are directly related to a lack of folate consumption during pregnancy.

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Alcohol is a potential teratogen for a developing fetus.

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Most of a pregnant woman's nutrient needs can be met by consuming a healthful, balanced diet, except for which specific nutrient?


A) iron
B) folate
C) calcium
D) protein

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Which pregnancy-specific organ is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removing waste products?


A) ovary
B) placenta
C) uterus
D) blastocyst

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B

Inadequate intake of which nutrient during the first few weeks of pregnancy is associated with neural tube defects in the fetus?


A) protein
B) iron
C) folate
D) calcium

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C

Which of the following fatty acids is critical to fetal brain and eye development?


A) stearic acid
B) oleic acid
C) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
D) palmitic acid

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Recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the


A) mother's weight at the end of the first trimester.
B) size of the fetus at 3 months' gestation.
C) mother's weight before becoming pregnant.
D) mother's height.

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Recommendations for weight gain vary according to a woman's weight before pregnancy.

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Breastfed infants have a low risk of developing heart disease in life because breast milk is very low in cholesterol.

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In which trimester of pregnancy is the fetus the most vulnerable to teratogens?


A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

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A

Well-planned vegetarian diets are appropriate for pregnant women.

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The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life.

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During pregnancy women should not consume fish or fish products.

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Why are newborn infants given a single injection of vitamin K?


A) Breast milk and infant formulas are low in vitamin K.
B) The trauma of birth destroys the newborn's vitamin K stores.
C) The infant's intestinal bacteria are not yet able to synthesize vitamin K.
D) Infants cannot absorb vitamin K until approximately 3 months of age.

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Excessive vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy is associated with birth defects.

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Anchovies, mackerel, salmon, and sardines are good sources of


A) DHA.
B) vitamin C.
C) folate.
D) fiber.

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Which of the following enhances the absorption of iron?


A) caffeine
B) bran
C) vitamin C
D) oxalates

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Premilk, which is rich in immune factors and protein, is also known by what name?


A) foremilk
B) hindmilk
C) colostrum
D) meconium

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