Question 1

What term CORRECTLY describes change in allele frequency due to random effect of a small population?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation
B)  selection
C)  nonrandom mating
D)  genetic drift
E)  immigration

Question 2

As a population geneticist, you find a species of snails with more genetic diversity than humans. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The snails have more genes on their chromosomes than humans.
B)  There is more variety in the gene pool of snails than humans.
C)  The snails have more DNA than humans.
D)  The snails have more mutations occurring than humans.
E)  There is not enough information provided to answer this question.

Question 3

Sexual selection always favors:

Accepted Answer

A)  large males.
B)  ornamentation such as bright feathers in male birds.
C)  traits that reduce an individual's survival.
D)  traits that increase an individual's access to reproductive opportunities.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Because one of the conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is to have a large population, small populations, by definition, violate that principle. Why is that important?

Accepted Answer

Because small populations are more subje...

Question 5

Which of the following reflects a difference in fitness among individuals in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  All individuals in the population have the same number of offspring.
B)  All offspring born in the population come from 25% of the females in the population.
C)  Males in the population have large horns on their heads to attract females.
D)  Males in the population all sire equal numbers of offspring.

Question 6

Consider a population of killer whales. The gene pool of this population would only contain alleles harboring beneficial or neutral mutations, as deleterious mutations are efficiently eliminated from the gene pool of a species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of occurrences of the allele.
B)  the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.
C)  n) 
D)  the number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample (2n) .
E)  twice the number of occurrences of the allele divided by n.

Question 8

Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. However, they usually occur at very low frequency. Assume a mutation resulting in a novel allele occurs in a gene of one individual in a population of 500 diploid individuals. The allele has no effect on the fitness of the individual carrying the mutation. How long will it take for the allele to reach a frequency of 0.5 in the population?

Accepted Answer

A)  It cannot reach a frequency of 0.5. It will eventually reach a frequency of 0.33 because the mutation means that there are three alleles at this locus in the population.
B)  It will eventually reach a frequency of 0.5, but a frequency of 0.5 will depend on the generation time for the individuals in the population.
C)  It could eventually reach a frequency of 0.5 or be fixed or lost from the population, but that will be a random effect based on the population and its size.
D)  It can only reach a frequency of 0.5 if it somehow confers a selective advantage on the individual with the mutation.

Question 9

At the genetic level, evolution is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in fitness over time.
B)  a population change over time.
C)  a change in the frequency of an allele or genotype over time.
D)  an increase in fitness over time.
E)  natural selection.

Question 10

The term "modern synthesis" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the synthesis of Darwin's ideas about evolution with Malthus's ideas about population growth.
B)  the synthesis of Darwin's and Wallace's independently developed ideas about natural selection and adaptation.
C)  the synthesis of Darwin's ideas about natural selection and Mendelian genetics.
D)  the synthesis of Darwin's ideas about natural selection and modern DNA sequencing technology.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

The allele frequency of all the alleles of a gene present in the population must add up to 1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In a population of Mendel's garden peas, the frequency of dominant yellow-flowered plants is 50%. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the allele frequencies (A = p and a = q)? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

No. The dominant phenotype can...

Question 13

Natural selection that increases the frequency of a favorable allele is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  positive selection.
B)  balancing selection.
C)  sexual selection.

Question 14

If there is inbreeding in a population, which of the following would you expect to observe with respect to allele frequencies and genotype frequencies?

Accepted Answer

A)  allele frequencies would change, genotype frequencies would change
B)  allele frequencies would change, genotype frequencies would not change
C)  allele frequencies would not change, genotype frequencies would change
D)  allele frequencies would not change, genotype frequencies would not change

Question 15

You are given the following information about a population: • There are two alleles: C and c.
• C codes for green hair and c codes for white hair.
• C is dominant over c.
• The frequency of the c allele is 0.3.
• The population is comprised of 100 individuals.
Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many individuals have green hair?

Accepted Answer

A)  49% of the population will have green hair.
B)  81% of the population will have green hair.
C)  9% of the population will have green hair.
D)  51% of the population will have green hair.

Question 16

Allele frequency can be measured using what technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  observation of phenotype
B)  gel electrophoresis
C)  DNA sequencing
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 17

How can evolution of a population occur without changing the allele frequency of a trait within the population?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no mutation.
B)  More organisms enter the gene pool.
C)  The genotype frequencies of the population change over time.
D)  The population is small.

Question 18

Which of the following would be considered an advantageous mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a mutation that makes an individual more visible to predators
B)  a mutation that increases an organism's ability to find food
C)  a mutation that decreases the offspring's chance of survival
D)  a mutation that changes hair color in humans
E)  a mutation that causes increased susceptibility to a disease

Question 19

You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the population?

Accepted Answer

A)  yes
B)  no

Question 20

Genetic drift has an especially significant effect in what kind of populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  populations that are large
B)  populations that are small
C)  populations with high genetic variability
D)  populations that are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
E)  populations that are migrating

Exam 21: Evolution: How Genotypes and Phenotypes Change Over Time

In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be considered an advantageous mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic drift has an especially significant effect in what kind of populations?

Correct Answer
verified

At the genetic level, evolution is:

Correct Answer
verified

Sexual selection always favors:

Correct Answer
verified

Natural selection that increases the frequency of a favorable allele is called:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Because one of the conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is to have a large population, small populations, by definition, violate that principle. Why is that important?

Correct Answer
verified
Because small populations are more subje...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

If there is inbreeding in a population, which of the following would you expect to observe with respect to allele frequencies and genotype frequencies?

Correct Answer
verified

The allele frequency of all the alleles of a gene present in the population must add up to 1.

Correct Answer
verified

You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the population?

Correct Answer
verified

As a population geneticist, you find a species of snails with more genetic diversity than humans. What does this mean?

Correct Answer
verified

What term CORRECTLY describes change in allele frequency due to random effect of a small population?

Correct Answer
verified

In a population of Mendel's garden peas, the frequency of dominant yellow-flowered plants is 50%. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the allele frequencies (A = p and a = q)? Why or why not?

Correct Answer
verified
No. The dominant phenotype can...
View Answer

How can evolution of a population occur without changing the allele frequency of a trait within the population?

Correct Answer
verified

Consider a population of killer whales. The gene pool of this population would only contain alleles harboring beneficial or neutral mutations, as deleterious mutations are efficiently eliminated from the gene pool of a species.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following reflects a difference in fitness among individuals in a population?

Correct Answer
verified

Allele frequency can be measured using what technique?

Correct Answer
verified

The term "modern synthesis" refers to:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 21: Evolution: How Genotypes and Phenotypes Change Over Time

In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be considered an advantageous mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic drift has an especially significant effect in what kind of populations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the genetic level, evolution is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sexual selection always favors:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection that increases the frequency of a favorable allele is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because one of the conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is to have a large population, small populations, by definition, violate that principle. Why is that important?

Correct AnswerverifiedBecause small populations are more subje...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If there is inbreeding in a population, which of the following would you expect to observe with respect to allele frequencies and genotype frequencies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The allele frequency of all the alleles of a gene present in the population must add up to 1.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You find that a wild population of antelope is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the mechanism of evolution operating on the population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a population geneticist, you find a species of snails with more genetic diversity than humans. What does this mean?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What term CORRECTLY describes change in allele frequency due to random effect of a small population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a population of Mendel's garden peas, the frequency of dominant yellow-flowered plants is 50%. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. From this information alone, can you determine the allele frequencies (A = p and a = q)? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedNo. The dominant phenotype can...View AnswerShow Answer

How can evolution of a population occur without changing the allele frequency of a trait within the population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider a population of killer whales. The gene pool of this population would only contain alleles harboring beneficial or neutral mutations, as deleterious mutations are efficiently eliminated from the gene pool of a species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following reflects a difference in fitness among individuals in a population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Allele frequency can be measured using what technique?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "modern synthesis" refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Because small populations are more subje...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
No. The dominant phenotype can...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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