Exam 7: Thinking Critically About Disciplinary Perspectives

A) The elephant is a critical pluralist
B) The elephant is a dualist
C) The men are disciplinary reductivists

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A) believe only one disciplinary perspective is necessary
B) consider many perspectives but do not integrate them
C) experience several plausible yet contradictory explanations of the same phenomenon as opposed to one simple, clear-cut, unambiguous explanation

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No. 1: Perspective Taking Is a Key Featu...

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A) Critical pluralism, dualism, and relative thinking
B) Critical pluralism, dualism, and relativism
C) Critical pluralism, dual logic, and relative thinking

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A) The answer to the problem is sophisticated
B) The multiple disciplinary insights consulted cannot be assessed as simply "true" or "false" but rather incomplete views on the complex problem being considered.
C) It is possible that all of the disciplinary insights must be integrated and then separated into their respective phenomena.

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B

A) Consider the phenomena studied by potentially relevant disciplines, then choose the best discipline
B) Identify which discipline studies the phenomena involved in this complex problem and study its insights.
C) Make sure that the disciplines you choose cover all the aspects of the problem and how they interact with other aspects, since each component of the problem may draw on different disciplinary insights.

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A) It is important to consider the perspectives of the different disciplines to ensure you have considered how it illumines different parts of the problem
B) It is important to choose only disciplines that you know enough about to use the perspective effectively
C) It is important to choose disciplines whose perspectives you agree with.

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A) believe that knowledge is objective, certain, and absolute.
B) believe that knowledge is relative.
C) believe that knowledge depends on the situation.

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A) practice critical pluralism by asking critical and probing questions of each relevant discipline.
B) decide whether a disciplinary perspective is true or false
C) choose which discipline is the most correct

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A) Several disciplines are relevant in the examination of the environment
B) Perspective taking is needed to enable us to see which disciplines are relevant to this inquiry.
C) Both "a" and "b" are correct

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A) Not use this discipline if the perspective is weak
B) Understand that different complex problems will need different perspectives, and that each disciplinary perspective is only a partial illumination of the problem.
C) Concentrate on eliminating all the weak disciplinary perspectives after you have completed a list of disciplinary perspectives you will consult for your complex problem.

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B

A) Identify the discipline's perspective, consider how each discipline's perspective illumines the problem as a whole, and consider strengths and weaknesses of each perspective.
B) Identify the best discipline's bias, consider how that discipline's perspective illumines the problem as a whole, and consider its strengths and weaknesses.
C) Identify the discipline's bias, consider how each discipline's perspective illumines the problem as a whole, and consider strengths of the dominant discipline's perspective.

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A) Reject those that do not cohere with other disciplinary perspectives.
B) Choose another disciplinary perspective.
C) Understand that conflict among perspectives can occur as part of the interdisciplinary research process.

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A) It is enough to know the perspective of each discipline on the problem in a general sense and to know how these perspectives illumine some aspect of the problem.
B) Interdisciplinarians need to know the strengths and weaknesses of different disciplinary perspectives and this may only become apparent when the perspectives are juxtaposed.
C) It is not necessary to know the strengths and limitations of disciplinary perspectives.

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A) Considering a list of disciplines whose perspectives will illumine different aspects of the complex problem, such as economics, sociology, mathematics, and political science
B) Consider a list of disciplines in the Natural Sciences as their disciplinary perspectives are the most important to this complex problem
C) First consider all the different components of this complex problem before thinking about which disciplinary perspectives might illumine each component.

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A) Is a key feature of interdisciplinarity
B) Is necessitated by complexity
C) Both "a" and "b" are correct

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C

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A) The disciplines that you know most about
B) The disciplines that are from the Natural Sciences
C) The disciplines that study phenomena connected with the chosen complex problem

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