Question 1

The nuclear genome of a single human cell (i.e., the entire diploid complement) contains about 6.6 billion (6.6 × 109) base pairs of DNA.If synthesis at each replication fork occurs at an average rate of 50 nucleotides per second, all the DNA is replicated in 5 minutes.Assume that replication is initiated simultaneously at all origins.How many origins of replication exist in a human diploid genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  220, 000
B)  440, 000
C)  880, 000
D)  2) 64 × 107
E)  1) 32 × 108 A

Question 2

What does "proofreading" refer to with regard to DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Proofreading is the ability of DNA polym...

Question 3

All DNA polymerases synthesize new DNA by adding nucleotides to the _____ of the growing DNA chain.

Accepted Answer

A)  3' OH
B)  5' OH
C)  3' phosphate
D)  5' phosphate
E)  nitrogenous base

Question 4

The Holliday model describes which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Semiconservative replication
B)  Homologous recombination
C)  End replication
D)  RNA primer synthesis
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 5

DNA polymerases require all of the following for DNA replication EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA template.
B)  primer.
C)  free 3' OH.
D)  3' to 5'polymerase activity.
E)  dNTPs.

Question 6

Why do eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication, whereas prokaryotic chromosomes typically have only one origin?

Accepted Answer

2 days to replicate ...

Question 7

In the diagram below, which letter indicates the 5' end of the leading strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  C and D

Question 8

DNA primase requires a _____ template and _____ nucleotides to initiate primer synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA; DNA
B)  RNA; RNA
C)  DNA; RNA
D)  RNA; DNA
E)  leading strand; DNA

Question 9

If a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced, what will be the MOST likely consequence of this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA strands would contain pieces of RNA.
B)  The DNA would not exist in a supercoiled state.
C)  There would be no DNA replication on the leading or lagging strands.
D)  There would be no RNA primers laid down.
E)  The DNA will not be able to unwind to initiate replication.

Question 10

Okazaki fragments are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the leading strand.
B)  the lagging strand.
C)  eukaryotic DNA.
D)  bacterial DNA.
E)  linear replication models.

Question 11

You are studying a new virus with a DNA genome of 12 kb.It can synthesize DNA at a rate of 400 nucleotides per second.If the virus uses theta replication, how long will it take to replicate its genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  7) 5 seconds
B)  15 seconds
C)  30 seconds
D)  1 minute
E)  2 minutes B

Question 12

The diagram below represents a replication fork.The leading strand is the _____ strand.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower
B)  upper

Question 13

Which different DNA polymerases are found in eukaryotic cells? What are their functions?

Accepted Answer

(1)DNA polymerase <img  loading="lazy" src="/assets/images/blured-textbook.svg" class="d-inline m-1" alt="blured image" width="139" height="30">: initiation of nuclea...

Question 14

Topoisomerases help DNA replication by:

Accepted Answer

A)  unwinding the DNA.
B)  creating RNA primers.
C)  breaking hydrogen bonds between the two DNA strands.
D)  proofreading DNA.
E)  joining phosphodiester bonds.

Question 15

Which of the following BEST describes heteroduplex DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  A single-stranded DNA molecule of one chromosome pairs with a single-stranded DNA molecule of another chromosome.
B)  A single-stranded DNA molecule of one chromosome pairs with a single-stranded RNA molecule of another chromosome.
C)  DNA that consists of sequences from two different species brought together through homologous recombination
D)  DNA that consists of an RNA primer and newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand
E)  Newly synthesized DNA that has yet to be reassembled into nucleosomes A

Question 16

The nuclear genome of a single human cell (i.e., the entire diploid complement) contains about 6.6 billion (6.6 × 109) base pairs of DNA.If synthesis at each replication fork occurs at an average rate of 50 nucleotides per second, all the DNA is replicated in 5 minutes.Assume that replication is initiated simultaneously at all origins.Assuming that the origins are approximately equally distributed across the chromosomes, what is the average number of origins per human chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  4783
B)  19, 130
C)  4) 6 × 106
D)  1) 21 × 109
E)  2) 9 × 1010

Question 17

You have a bacterial cell in which a mutation occurred.You observe that Okazaki fragments are created but RNA primers are not removed.Which gene is mutated?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNS ligase
B)  DNA polymerase I
C)  DNA polymerase III
D)  DNA helicase
E)  SS binding proteins

Question 18

Replication in archaebacteria is similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)  eukaryotic replication in the proteins involved.
B)  eubacteria replication in proteins involved.
C)  eubacteria in that they mostly have one origin of replication.
D)  eukaryotes that mostly have one origin of replication.
E)  both eukaryotic replication in the proteins involved and eubacteria in that they mostly have one origin of replication.

Question 19

What is the function of DNA ligase?

Accepted Answer

A)  Connects Okazaki fragments by sealing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone
B)  Unwinds the double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonding between the two strands at the replication fork
C)  Reduces the torsional strain that builds up ahead of the replication fork as a result of unwinding
D)  Binds to oriC and causes a short
E)  Prevents the formation of secondary structures within single-stranded DNA

Question 20

There is a misconception that telomerase prevents the shortening of telomeres by just filling in the piece of RNA primer lost.What does telomerase actually do?

Accepted Answer

Telomerase extends the telomer...

Exam 9: DNA Replication and Recombination

Correct Answer
verified
A

What does "proofreading" refer to with regard to DNA replication?

Correct Answer
verified
Proofreading is the ability of DNA polym...
View Answer

All DNA polymerases synthesize new DNA by adding nucleotides to the _____ of the growing DNA chain.

Correct Answer
verified

The Holliday model describes which process?

Correct Answer
verified

DNA polymerases require all of the following for DNA replication EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

Why do eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication, whereas prokaryotic chromosomes typically have only one origin?

Correct Answer
verified
2 days to replicate ...
View Answer

In the diagram below, which letter indicates the 5' end of the leading strand?

Correct Answer
verified

DNA primase requires a _ template and _ nucleotides to initiate primer synthesis.

Correct Answer
verified

If a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced, what will be the MOST likely consequence of this mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

Okazaki fragments are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

You are studying a new virus with a DNA genome of 12 kb.It can synthesize DNA at a rate of 400 nucleotides per second.If the virus uses theta replication, how long will it take to replicate its genome?

Correct Answer
verified
B

The diagram below represents a replication fork.The leading strand is the _____ strand.

Correct Answer
verified

Which different DNA polymerases are found in eukaryotic cells? What are their functions?

Correct Answer
verified
(1)DNA polymerase : initiation of nuclea...
View Answer

Topoisomerases help DNA replication by:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following BEST describes heteroduplex DNA?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

You have a bacterial cell in which a mutation occurred.You observe that Okazaki fragments are created but RNA primers are not removed.Which gene is mutated?

Correct Answer
verified

Replication in archaebacteria is similar to:

Correct Answer
verified

What is the function of DNA ligase?

Correct Answer
verified

There is a misconception that telomerase prevents the shortening of telomeres by just filling in the piece of RNA primer lost.What does telomerase actually do?

Correct Answer
verified
Telomerase extends the telomer...
View Answer

Exam 9: DNA Replication and Recombination

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What does "proofreading" refer to with regard to DNA replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedProofreading is the ability of DNA polym...View AnswerShow Answer

All DNA polymerases synthesize new DNA by adding nucleotides to the _____ of the growing DNA chain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Holliday model describes which process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA polymerases require all of the following for DNA replication EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do eukaryotic chromosomes have multiple origins of replication, whereas prokaryotic chromosomes typically have only one origin?

Correct Answerverified2 days to replicate ...View AnswerShow Answer

In the diagram below, which letter indicates the 5' end of the leading strand?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA primase requires a _____ template and _____ nucleotides to initiate primer synthesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced, what will be the MOST likely consequence of this mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Okazaki fragments are found in all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are studying a new virus with a DNA genome of 12 kb.It can synthesize DNA at a rate of 400 nucleotides per second.If the virus uses theta replication, how long will it take to replicate its genome?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The diagram below represents a replication fork.The leading strand is the _____ strand.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which different DNA polymerases are found in eukaryotic cells? What are their functions?

Correct Answerverified(1)DNA polymerase : initiation of nuclea...View AnswerShow Answer

Topoisomerases help DNA replication by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST describes heteroduplex DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have a bacterial cell in which a mutation occurred.You observe that Okazaki fragments are created but RNA primers are not removed.Which gene is mutated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Replication in archaebacteria is similar to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of DNA ligase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is a misconception that telomerase prevents the shortening of telomeres by just filling in the piece of RNA primer lost.What does telomerase actually do?

Correct AnswerverifiedTelomerase extends the telomer...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified
Proofreading is the ability of DNA polym...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
2 days to replicate ...
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Correct Answer
verified

DNA primase requires a _ template and _ nucleotides to initiate primer synthesis.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
(1)DNA polymerase : initiation of nuclea...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Telomerase extends the telomer...
View Answer