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When an application program has to update encapsulated data, it sends a message to one of the object's encapsulated operations to trigger the operation.

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Unified Modeling Language (UML) is ____.


A) another term for Entity-Relationship diagrams
B) a logical database design technique
C) a programming language used to access data stored in object-oriented databases
D) the standard diagramming notation for object-oriented systems development
E) a query language that is a substitute for SQL in the OODBMS environment

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The term for the relationship in which a class is shown to be composed of other classes is ____.


A) generalization/specialization
B) aggregation
C) binary one-to-many
D) binary many-to-many
E) polymorphism

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The relational data model does not directly support such data types as photo images, video clips, and audio clips.

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Aggregation is a special case of the generalization/specialization relationship.

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Draw an object-oriented class diagram, including traditional unary, binary and ternary relationships, as well as generalization and aggregation relationships as needed, to represent the following Central Zoo environment. Include all of the attributes and operations listed in the description. Central Zoo has three kinds of enclosures: cages, fenced areas, and water tanks. Each enclosure, regardless of which kind it is, has a unique enclosure number and a location. In addition, each cage has an area (in square feet or square meters), a height, and a type, each fenced area has an area and a fence height, each water tank has a temperature. Each water tank is composed of two parts, a tank (the zoo keeps track of the volume of the tank) and a pump (the zoo keeps track of the number of amperes of the pump.) Each animal that lives in a cage in the zoo has a unique animal number, a species, name, gender, and weight. Each cage can have several animals living in it or it can be empty. An animal can live in only one cage. There is an operation that calculates the next cleaning date of each enclosure, but this calculation is different for cages, fenced areas, and water tanks.

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An OODBMS allows associated operations to be defined along with abstract data types.

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The modification or refinement of operations as they are inherited downwards in a generalization/specialization relationship is called ____.


A) polygraphism
B) polygenesism
C) polytrophism
D) polychromism
E) polymorphism

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An object/relational DBMS is essentially ____.


A) an environment in which separate relational and object-oriented DBMSs pass data to each other
B) a legacy DBMS
C) an advanced research concept that is not as yet commercially viable
D) an object-oriented DBMS with relational features
E) a relational DBMS with object-oriented features

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In a generalization/specialization relationship ____.


A) attributes can be inherited but operations cannot be inherited
B) operations can be inherited but attributes cannot be inherited
C) both attributes and operations can be inherited
D) neither attributes nor operations can be inherited
E) attributes can only be inherited if they are aggregated

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An instance of an object is an object class.

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False

Aggregation is denoted by a diamond-shaped symbol in a UML diagram.

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The object classes in a generalization/specialization relationship are arranged in a ____.


A) row
B) string
C) hierarchy
D) closed loop
E) linked list

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C

All of the following kinds of data are candidates for abstract data types, except ____.


A) numeric data
B) video clips
C) audio clips
D) photo images
E) graphic images

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The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the standard diagramming notation for object-oriented systems development.

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The modification or refinement of methods or operations as they are inherited downwards is called polymorphism.

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An object ____.


A) is the same thing as an entity
B) is a method or operation that acts on stored data
C) includes an entity's attributes plus methods or operations which can operate on the attribute values
D) is a rectangular box in an entity-relationship diagram
E) is a descriptive characteristic of a person, thing, or event in the business environment

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C

An object is an advanced data structure that includes an entity's attributes plus methods which can operate on and modify the object's attribute values.

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An object/relational database might include a table that has audio clip data in one of its columns.

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A BLOB (binary large object) is an example of generalization/specialization hierarchy.

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