Question 1

British psychologists Hans and Sybil Eysenck believed that we can reduce individual variations based on

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion-introversion.
B)   emotional stability-instability.
C)   both extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability.
D)   neither extraversion-introversion nor emotional stability-instability.

Question 2

According to Freud,boys are most likely to experience the Oedipus complex during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   anal
B)   phallic
C)   oral
D)   latency

Question 3

Research on self-perception indicates that most people

Accepted Answer

A)   feel more personally responsible for their failures than for their successes.
B)   view themselves very favorably in comparison to most others.
C)   underestimate the accuracy of their beliefs and judgments.
D)   are unrealistically pessimistic about their personal future.

Question 4

According to Freud,the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment is the

Accepted Answer

A)   Oedipus complex.
B)   ego.
C)   id.
D)   superego.

Question 5

In assessing a client's personal growth,Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between

Accepted Answer

A)   self-transcendence and self-actualization.
B)   the ideal self and the actual self.
C)   the client's values and the therapist's values.
D)   unconditional positive regard and self-actualization.

Question 6

The role of repressed childhood conflicts in personality disorders is most clearly emphasized by the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   trait
B)   social-cognitive
C)   psychoanalytic
D)   humanistic

Question 7

According to Carl Jung,the collective unconscious

Accepted Answer

A)   includes memories of our childhood social tensions.
B)   triggers attempts to achieve superiority.
C)   contains archetypes derived from our species' universal experiences.
D)   is a reservoir for our sexual and aggressive motivations.

Question 8

Some psychoanalysts of Freud's era claimed that girls experienced an Electra complex involving an unconscious

Accepted Answer

A)   denial of their femininity.
B)   hostility toward their father.
C)   sexual desire for their father.
D)   identification with their father.

Question 9

A behavior trait refers to a pattern of behavior that is

Accepted Answer

A)   unconsciously motivated.
B)   difficult to observe.
C)   stable over time.
D)   unlearned.

Question 10

Rogers' and Maslow's emphasis on developing human strengths laid the groundwork for today's

Accepted Answer

A)   positive psychology.
B)   psychoanalysis.
C)   behaviorism.
D)   erogenous zones.

Question 11

Psychoanalytic theory suggests that the ego disguises threatening impulses and reduces anxiety by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   free association.
B)   self-understanding.
C)   defense mechanisms.
D)   erogenous zones.

Question 12

AT&T has assessed prospective managers by observing them doing simulated managerial work.This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by ________ theorists.

Accepted Answer

A)   trait
B)   psychodynamic
C)   social-cognitive
D)   humanistic

Question 13

Tarik chain-smokes and goes through periods of binge eating and drinking.According to Freud,he is fixated at the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   phallic
B)   latency
C)   anal
D)   oral

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of narcissistic people?

Accepted Answer

A)   modesty
B)   being materialistic
C)   avoiding commitment
D)   having inflated expectations

Question 15

A characteristic pattern of behavior or tendency to act and feel in a certain way is called

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy.
B)   self-esteem.
C)   introversion.
D)   a trait.

Question 16

Displacement refers to the process by which people

Accepted Answer

A)   consciously express feelings that are the opposite of unacceptable,unconscious impulses.
B)   disguise threatening impulses by attributing them to others.
C)   retreat to behavior patterns characteristic of a more infantile stage of development.
D)   redirect aggressive or sexual impulses toward less threatening targets.

Question 17

According to Abraham Maslow,we focus on personal safety after meeting our ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

A)   physiological
B)   belonging and love
C)   self-esteem
D)   self-actualization

Question 18

Which of the following Freudian ideas did neo-Freudians tend to disagree with?

Accepted Answer

A)   the childhood roots of personality
B)   the importance of the unconscious mind
C)   the emphasis on sex and aggression as human motivations
D)   the personality structure outlined by Freud

Question 19

The implicit memories that operate even among those with amnesia best illustrate the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   the id,ego,and superego.
B)   defense mechanisms.
C)   unconscious thought.
D)   displacement.

Question 20

Many North American parents want to pick names for their children that sound unique or are spelled in an unusual way.This desire best illustrates one of the consequences of

Accepted Answer

A)   defensive self-esteem.
B)   extraversion.
C)   collectivism.
D)   individualism.

Exam 13: Personality

According to Carl Jung,the collective unconscious

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychoanalytic theory suggests that the ego disguises threatening impulses and reduces anxiety by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of narcissistic people?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The implicit memories that operate even among those with amnesia best illustrate the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Abraham Maslow,we focus on personal safety after meeting our ________ needs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A behavior trait refers to a pattern of behavior that is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In assessing a client's personal growth,Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

British psychologists Hans and Sybil Eysenck believed that we can reduce individual variations based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many North American parents want to pick names for their children that sound unique or are spelled in an unusual way.This desire best illustrates one of the consequences of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

AT&T has assessed prospective managers by observing them doing simulated managerial work.This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by ________ theorists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rogers' and Maslow's emphasis on developing human strengths laid the groundwork for today's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychoanalysts of Freud's era claimed that girls experienced an Electra complex involving an unconscious

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on self-perception indicates that most people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,boys are most likely to experience the Oedipus complex during the ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Displacement refers to the process by which people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The role of repressed childhood conflicts in personality disorders is most clearly emphasized by the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A characteristic pattern of behavior or tendency to act and feel in a certain way is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tarik chain-smokes and goes through periods of binge eating and drinking.According to Freud,he is fixated at the ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following Freudian ideas did neo-Freudians tend to disagree with?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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