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Jason and Jared are identical twins.Jason was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder.This means that Jared has a ________ percent chance of also having the disorder.


A) 30
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70

Correct Answer

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Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving internal states such as anxiety or depression.Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving external behaviors such as alcohol use disorder or antisocial conduct.


A) less;less
B) more;more
C) less;more
D) more;less

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Chiara,a 14-year-old,is of average height but weighs only 80 pounds.She has lost 30 pounds over the last six months by eating very little and running five miles a day.She is determined not to become overweight and ignores her parents' suggestion that she should eat well-balanced meals.Chiara suffers from


A) bulimia nervosa.
B) a dissociative disorder.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) a personality disorder.

Correct Answer

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Julie experiences an overwhelming fear of entering a crowded airplane or movie theater because she thinks she might become anxious and feel trapped.Julie most clearly suffers from


A) posttraumatic stress disorder.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) social anxiety disorder.
D) agoraphobia.

Correct Answer

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A hyper-reactive dopamine reward system has been observed among those with


A) antisocial personality disorder.
B) dissociative disorder.
C) a fugue state.
D) avoidant personality disorder.

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An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories,evolutionary processes,and gender roles is most clearly provided by


A) field trials.
B) a biopsychosocial approach.
C) the medical model.
D) the DSM-5.

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Elaine feels that her life is empty,has lost all interest in her career and hobbies,and wonders if she would be better off dead.She is most likely suffering from


A) bipolar disorder.
B) disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.
C) major depressive disorder.
D) mania.

Correct Answer

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Personally distressing thoughts,feelings,and behaviors are considered to be symptoms of a psychological disorder if they are


A) unusual.
B) dysfunctional.
C) biologically influenced.
D) unusually motivated.

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Dissociative identity disorder is most common in


A) North America.
B) Australia.
C) Europe.
D) Finland.

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Mrs.Swift is alarmed by her own intrusive and irrational thoughts that her house is contaminated by germs.Her experience best illustrates the agitating effects of


A) compulsions.
B) an obsession.
C) agoraphobia.
D) panic disorder.

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Two years after surviving a natural disaster,Brianna still experiences jumpy anxiety and has trouble sleeping and vivid flashbacks of the disaster.Brianna is most clearly showing signs of


A) panic disorder.
B) posttraumatic stress disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) social anxiety disorder.

Correct Answer

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Diet,drugs,and stress can place molecular tags on our chromosomes and thereby play a decisive role in whether we suffer an increased risk of depression.This best illustrates the impact of


A) rumination.
B) learned helplessness.
C) epigenetic effects.
D) a negative explanatory style.

Correct Answer

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Recovery from a major depressive episode is likely to be permanent the ________ the first episode appears and the ________ the number of previous episodes.


A) earlier;fewer
B) earlier;greater
C) later;fewer
D) later;greater

Correct Answer

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Repeated distressing dreams and intrusive memories of an intensely fearful and life-threatening experience are symptoms most commonly associated with


A) panic disorder.
B) agoraphobia.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) posttraumatic stress disorder.

Correct Answer

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The major problem associated with explanations of psychological disorders in terms of evil spirits is that these explanations


A) were relevant only to severe disorders such as schizophrenia.
B) encouraged many to believe there was no such thing as insanity.
C) led to some harsh and ineffective remedial treatments.
D) relieved people of personal responsibility for their own behavior.

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Noah's therapist suggests that Noah developed a dissociative identity disorder in order to misbehave without feeling a strong sense of personal shame.The therapist's suggestion most directly reflects a(n) ________ perspective.


A) biosocial
B) epigenetic
C) psychodynamic
D) biological

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Melissa is frequently depressed and has been caught in the vicious cycle of depressed thinking.She is currently seeking therapy.Which of the following is NOT something her therapist will suggest so that she can overcome this cycle of depression?


A) change her negative thinking
B) turn her attention outward
C) engage in pleasant behavior
D) deny that this cycle exists

Correct Answer

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While driving to work Pedro hears a radio advertisement for a new restaurant.Throughout the day,the tune associated with the advertisement keeps running through his head.Pedro's inability to stop thinking about the tune best illustrates the nature of


A) free-floating anxiety.
B) a phobia.
C) an obsession.
D) a compulsion.

Correct Answer

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Norby,an 18-year-old first-year university student,has missed almost all his classes during the past month.He spends most of his time in his bedroom,frequently not even bothering to get dressed or eat meals.He thinks his whole life has been a failure.Norby is most likely suffering from


A) major depressive disorder.
B) mania.
C) disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.
D) bipolar disorder

Correct Answer

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About eight months ago,14-year-old Shelley went on a drastic weight-loss diet that caused her to drop from 110 to 80 pounds.Although she is now dangerously underweight and undernourished,she continues to think she looks fat.Her frustrated father recently forced her to eat a peanut butter sandwich,but Shelley immediately went to the bathroom and threw it all up.Shelley most clearly suffers from


A) a fugue state.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) anorexia nervosa.

Correct Answer

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