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The eerie sense of having previously experienced a current situation is known as


A) long-term potentiation.
B) the serial position effect.
C) mood-congruent memory.
D) déjà vu.

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Three basic measures of memory retention are


A) priming, chunking, and rehearsing.
B) encoding, storage, and retrieval.
C) recall, recognition, and relearning.
D) sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

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The original Atkinson-Shiffrin three-stage information processing model did not consider the formation of


A) short-term memories.
B) implicit memories.
C) sensory memories.
D) long-term memories.

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Mood-congruent memory refers to the effect of emotional states on the process of


A) encoding.
B) storage.
C) retrieval.
D) relearning.

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Reading a romantic novel caused Consuela to recall some old experiences with a high school boyfriend. The effect of the novel on Consuela's memory retrieval is an illustration of


A) priming.
B) chunking.
C) automatic processing.
D) the spacing effect.

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Using your working memory to link an unfamiliar textbook glossary term with the first letter sound required to pronounce the term illustrates


A) shallow processing.
B) the peg-word system.
C) the serial position effect.
D) automatic processing.

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Which measure of memory retention assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again?


A) recognition
B) retrieval
C) relearning
D) recall

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Researchers now recognize the active information processing that occurs in short-term memory and refer to it as ________ memory.


A) sensory
B) working
C) flashbulb
D) implicit

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Associating carrots with a mental image of a bun, milk with a mental image of a shoe, and paper towels with a mental image of a tree best illustrates


A) implicit memory.
B) the peg-word system.
C) iconic memory.
D) the serial position effect.

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Many people can easily recall exactly what they were doing when they first learned of the death of a close friend or family member. This best illustrates ________ memory.


A) iconic
B) flashbulb
C) implicit
D) state-dependent

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Explicit memory is also known as


A) procedural memory.
B) context-dependent memory.
C) declarative memory.
D) mood-congruent memory.

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Studies by Loftus and Palmer, in which people were quizzed about a film of an accident, indicate that


A) when quizzed immediately, people can recall very little, because of the stress of witnessing an accident.
B) when questioned as little as one day later, their memory was very inaccurate.
C) most people had very accurate memories as much as 6 months later.
D) people's recall may easily be affected by misleading information.

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The tendency for distributed study to yield better long-term retention than massed study is known as


A) the serial position effect.
B) state-dependent memory.
C) the spacing effect.
D) long-term potentiation.

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Which type of word processing results in the greatest retention?


A) shallow
B) deep
C) visual
D) auditory

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A flashbulb memory would typically be stored in ________ memory.


A) iconic
B) short-term
C) echoic
D) long-term

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Knowledge of Latin can help people to learn French. This illustrates


A) proactive interference.
B) the serial position effect.
C) the peg-word system.
D) positive transfer.

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The inability to form new memories is called


A) repression.
B) anterograde amnesia.
C) shallow processing.
D) retroactive interference.

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Although Arturo has looked at his watch thousands of times, he is unable to recall whether the watch features Arabic or Roman numerals. This is most likely because of a failure in


A) encoding.
B) storage.
C) retrieval.
D) iconic memory.

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After recovering from a stroke, Farina was able to learn how to hit a tennis ball. She is unable, however, to learn and remember the name of the rehabilitation therapist who has been working with her each day to develop her tennis swing. Farina is most likely to have suffered damage to her


A) cerebellum.
B) hypothalamus.
C) basal ganglia.
D) hippocampus.

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Lashley's studies, in which rats learned a maze and then had various parts of their brains surgically removed, showed that the memory


A) was lost when surgery took place within 1 hour of learning.
B) was lost when surgery took place within 24 hours of learning.
C) was lost when any region of the brain was removed.
D) remained no matter which area of the brain was tampered with.

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