Exam 9: Ethics, corporate Social Responsibility, environmental Sustainability, and Strategy

A) Costs of taking corrective actions
B) Civil penalties
C) Legal and investigative costs
D) Costs of providing remedial education and ethics training to company personnel
E) Hits to company reputation and employee productivity

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B

A) While the strategies and actions of all socially responsible companies have sameness in the sense of drawing on the same categories of socially responsible behavior,each company's version of being socially responsible is unique.
B) A company is not demonstrating an adequate degree of social responsibility or endeavoring to be a model corporate citizen unless it spends 5 percent (or more) of pretax profits on social responsibility initiatives.
C) Social responsibility strategies linked to a company's customer value proposition or key value chain activities may help build competitive advantage.
D) The jury is still out on the correlation between CSR and stock price performance and competitive advantage.
E) Well-conceived social responsibility strategies help avoid or preempt legal and regulatory actions that could prove costly to the company.

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A) what constitutes ethical or unethical conduct varies according to the religious convictions of each society or each culture within a country.
B) when there are country or cross-cultural differences in what is considered ethical or unethical in business situations,it is appropriate for local moral standards to take precedence over what the ethical standards may be elsewhere.
C) concepts of right and wrong are always governed by business norms in each country,culture,or society.
D) concepts of right and wrong are always a function of each individual's own set of values,beliefs,and ethical convictions.
E) concepts of right and wrong as they apply to business behavior are always varying shades of gray,never absolute (i.e. ,black or white) .

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A) defines what is meant by ethical relativism.
B) defines what is meant by ethical universalism.
C) is the foundation of integrated social contracts theory.
D) is the basis for the theories of both ethical relativism and ethical universalism.
E) is the foundation for all three theories above.

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A) provide work-from-home options to working mothers residing in distant locations.
B) develop and market products that are solely environmentally friendly.
C) identify up-and-coming managers who have a future in local- or state-level politics.
D) create a democratic workplace whereby the voices of lower-level employees are heard through representation on the board of directors.
E) go beyond meeting society's expectations for ethical strategies and business behavior by fostering social benefit and balancing the interests of all.

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A) Every business has a moral duty to be a good corporate citizen.
B) Acting in a socially responsible manner reduces the risk of reputation-damaging incidents.
C) Acting in a socially responsible manner is in the overall best interest of shareholders.
D) To the extent that a company's socially responsible behavior wins applause from consumers and fortifies its reputation,a company may win additional patronage.
E) Acting in a socially responsible manner can generate internal benefits (as concerns employee recruiting,workforce retention,training,and improved worker productivity) .

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A) support philanthropy.
B) ensure honorable and ethical action.
C) promote workforce diversity.
D) enhance employee well-being.
E) protect and sustain the environment.

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A) Reduced risk of reputation-damaging incidents
B) Only visible and internal administrative costs
C) Internal benefits such as improved workforce retention and operational efficiency
D) Visible and intangible costs
E) Internal administrative costs but not intangible costs

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A) meet legal,ethical,and economic responsibilities imposed by shareholders.
B) identify up-and-coming managers who have a future in local- or state-level politics.
C) seek to improve standards of communities in which they operate.
D) attempt to sustain profitability for stakeholders while in the pursuit of social responsibility.
E) pursue discretionary activities that contribute to the betterment of society,especially in areas where government has chosen not to focus its efforts or has fallen short.

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The jury is still out on the correlation...

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A) pervasive managerial immorality and a general lack of scruples on the part of top executives regarding how customers and suppliers should be treated.
B) corporate cultures that put the bottom line ahead of ethics,heavy pressures on company managers to meet or beat performance targets,and overzealous or obsessive pursuit of wealth accumulation,power,status,and other selfish interests.
C) widespread managerial belief in the ethical relativism school of thinking.
D) an aversion to ethical correctness on the part of top executives and a belief that unethical behavior is unimportant and probably will not be discovered.
E) intense competitive pressures.

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B

A) developing a consensus among companies worldwide as to what ethical principles that businesses should be expected to observe in the course of conducting their operations.
B) what ethical behaviors should be expected of company personnel in the course of doing their jobs.
C) the application of ethical principles and standards to business activities,behavior,and decisions.
D) picking and choosing among the normative ethical standards of society in order to arrive at a set of ethical standards that apply directly to operating a business.

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C

A) Actions to benefit shareholders (such as raising the dividend to boost the stock price)
B) Making charitable contributions and donating money and the time of company personnel to community service endeavors
C) Actions to ensure the company has an ethical strategy and operates honorably and ethically
D) Actions to protect or enhance the environment
E) Actions to create a workforce diversity program

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A) deal chiefly with a company's standards about what is right and wrong insofar as the conduct of its business is concerned and about what behaviors are expected of company personnel.
B) deal chiefly with the behaviors that a company's board of directors expects of all company personnel in both their conduct on the job and their conduct off the job.
C) involve the rules a company's top management and board of directors make about what is right and what is wrong.
D) are not materially different from ethical principles in general.
E) are generally less stringent than the ethical principles for society at large because it is well understood that businesses should not be expected to operate any differently from what the law requires of them.

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A) Reduced risk of reputation-damaging incidents
B) Increased buyer patronage
C) Internal benefits such as improved workforce retention and operational efficiency
D) Aggressive pursuit of market share,revenues,and profits
E) Shareholders' benefits,such as increased stock price and financial performance

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A) Intense competitive pressures
B) Overzealous pursuit of personal gain,wealth,and other selfish interests
C) A company culture that puts the profitability and good business performance ahead of ethical behavior
D) Heavy pressures on company managers to meet or beat earnings targets
E) The attitude among management that the business of business is business,not ethics

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A) concepts of what constitutes ethical behavior and unethical behavior are dictated by subjectively provable moral principles but not by objectively provable moral principles.
B) concepts of right and wrong are universal within countries or societies but not across countries or cultures.
C) concepts of what is ethical and what is unethical are universal and absolute,leaving no room for deviation from country to country or circumstance to circumstance.
D) to the extent there is common moral agreement about right and wrong actions and behaviors across multiple cultures and countries,there exists a set of universal ethical standards to which all societies,all companies,and all individuals can be held accountable.
E) all societies and countries are obligated to apply universally defined ethical principles of right and wrong as set forth in the Global Code of Ethical Behavior adopted by 150 nations of the world.

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