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Monopolistic competition is similar to


A) perfect competition because the firms face downward-sloping demand curves and can earn only a normal profit in the long run
B) pure monopoly because the firms face downward-sloping demand curves and can earn only a normal profit in the long run
C) perfect competition because the firms face downward-sloping demand curves and similar to pure monopoly in that the firms can earn only a normal profit in the long run
D) pure monopoly because the firms face downward-sloping demand curves and similar to perfect competition in that the firms can earn only a normal profit in the long run
E) pure monopoly because the firms face downward-sloping demand curves and can earn an economic profit in the long run

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In oligopoly, minimum efficient scale is large relative to the market.

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To maximize cartel profit, the members must allocate output so that the marginal cost for the final unit produced by each firm is


A) identical
B) unequal
C) negative
D) equal to the firm's average total cost
E) maximized

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Which oligopoly model was developed to explain price wars in an industry?


A) natural oligopolies
B) cartels
C) price leadership by a dominant firm
D) game theory
E) cost-plus theory

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A cartel is


A) explicit collusion
B) a conglomerate merger
C) a horizontal merger
D) legal in the United States
E) implicit collusion

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Although both perfectly competitive and monopolistically competitive firms earn normal profits in the long run, monopolistically competitive firms will not


A) operate where price equals marginal cost
B) charge a higher price than firms in perfect competition
C) produce a smaller quantity than firms in perfect competition
D) produce where price equals average total cost
E) exit when demand falls below long-run average costs

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