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Exam 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

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Question 101

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According to Focus on Neuroscience: The Sleep-Deprived Emotional Brain, which of the following is TRUE?

A) People often react with greater emotionality when they're not getting adequate sleep.
B) When people are consistently operating on too little sleep their emotional reactions are considerably reduced.
C) A brain area called the amygdala has significantly reduced activity in sleep-deprived people compared to adequately rested people.
D) Research has clearly shown that watching unpleasant, disturbing images causes people to feel much more sleep-deprived and tired than when they watch neutral images.

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Question 102

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List and describe the psychedelic drugs, including their effects on the brain.

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Psychedelic drugs are a class of substan...

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Question 103

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Cataplexy is the sudden loss of voluntary muscle strength and control, lasting from several seconds to several minutes, that is usually triggered by a sudden intense emotion, such as laughter, anger, fear, or surprise.

Define attention, and describe how attention is selective and limited in capacity.

According to the _____ theory of hypnosis, people who are hypnotized are not in any special state of consciousness but are simply highly motivated to respond to the social demands of the hypnotist and the situation.

Most drug experts agree that alcohol abuse has the highest social cost of all drug addictions.

The suprachiasmatic nucleus is a cluster of neurons located in the hypothalamus in the brain.

Narcolepsy is another name for somnambulism.

What are the effects and potential dangers of cocaine?

In the activation-synthesis model of dreaming, what is activated?

Combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy, hypnosis is an effective treatment for helping motivated people stop smoking.

Over the course of a typical night, periods of REM sleep become progressively longer.

Typically, blood levels of melatonin reach their peak early in the afternoon, and high levels of melatonin keep you alert and awake.

Sex and sexual behaviors are the most common themes in dreams.

According to the imaginative suggestibility explanation of hypnosis:

Dr. Castro is at a faculty party and is attentively listening to Dr. Chavez talk about her latest research on selective attention when he suddenly becomes aware of someone else mentioning his name on the other side of the room. This phenomenon is known as mindfulness.

How does alcohol affect the body and psychological functioning?

_____ is a type of amphetamine that can be easily manufactured, provides an intense high, and causes a reduction in the brain's dopamine transporters and receptors.

Highly hypnotizable people tend to be those who can become deeply absorbed in imaginary experiences, such as reading novels or watching movies, and who approach hypnosis with a positive, responsive attitude.

Cocaine is derived from: