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Exam 9: Lifespan Development

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Question 201

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Thirty-year-old Alayna is painfully shy and so sensitive to rejection that she rarely talks to people other than her coworkers and her family members. Occasionally, a man asks her out, but she always refuses. She spends a good deal of time reading and writing in her diary about her loneliness and other feelings. According to Erikson's theory, Alayna is facing the psychosocial conflict of _____ and is likely to develop _____.

A) industry versus inferiority; inferiority
B) autonomy versus guilt; guilt
C) generativity versus stagnation; stagnation
D) intimacy versus isolation; isolation

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Question 202

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Which of the following statements BEST describes deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ?

A) A harmful chemical preservative that is a known teratogen
B) A specific gene that is known to be associated with several serious birth defects
C) A double-stranded molecule that encodes genetic instructions
D) The chemical trigger that activates cell division in the developing embryo

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Question 203

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Dr. Alberto is interested in the aspects of cognitive development that have to do with how individuals reason about ethical decisions and how they decide what is right and wrong. The focus of his research is likely to be:

At the age of 45, Dr. Randy Pausch learned that he had pancreatic cancer and was given just a few months to live. Pausch reacted by delivering his now famous "Last Lecture," an upbeat and inspirational response to the question, "What would you say if you knew you were going to die?" According to your textbook, Pausch's response to impending death is an example of the fact that:

Frank now uses his first pronouns, phrases, and sentences. If he is like most children in terms of language development, he is approximately:

The newborn has no sense of smell.

In terms of development, a critical period:

Sarah gave birth to a full-term healthy baby boy who weighed just over 9 pounds. Assuming that the infant is normal, his brain will be about _____ the size of an adult human brain and will weigh about _____.

This drawing depicts some of the key structures involved in the biological basis of heredity. After studying the image, identify the letter that labels a gene.

Over the past few decades, the number of married couples with children has sharply decreased.

Marie enters the playroom of the psychology lab with her one-year-old son, Aaron. Aaron ignores the many attractive toys in the room and clings to his mother. When Marie leaves the room, Aaron begins to cry hysterically. When his mother returns and tries to comfort him, Aaron cries harder, kicks, and resists her efforts to hold him. Aaron would most likely be classified as:

As a general rule, the greatest vulnerability to _____ occurs during the _____ period of prenatal development.

In Kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning, the preconventional level is characterized by moral reasoning based on self-interest and on avoiding punishment and maximizing personal gain.

By the end of the two-week germinal period, the single-celled zygote has developed into a cluster of cells called an embryo.

Cells that can divide indefinitely, renew themselves, and give rise to a variety of other types of cells are called:

Emerging adulthood is a stage of lifespan development that is not universal and only exists in industrialized or postindustrial countries.

Which of the following illustrates egocentrism?

The term proximodistal trend refers to the tendency of infants to develop motor control from the center of their bodies outward.

As the neural tube expands during development, it develops cavities, called ventricles, which are found at the core of the fully developed brain and are filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

Insecure attachment may result when parents are insensitive or unresponsive to an infant's needs, moods, and behaviors.