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Emotional regulation and _____ maturation develop together, each enabling the other to advance.

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Since Brittany will set the dinner table only if she can have a treat after dinner, her willingness to help is extrinsically motivated.

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As a father, Aahil rates low on nurturance and communication and high on maturity demands. He exhibits the _____ style of parenting.


A) authoritarian
B) permissive
C) authoritative
D) neglecting

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A method of discipline that evokes a child's shame, guilt, and gratitude is called "_____ control."

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One problem with spanking is that angry spankers may become _____.

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Billy and Rodney are both building with construction bricks. They are sitting apart, each with his own set of bricks. They are engaged in _____ play.


A) cooperative
B) parallel
C) onlooker
D) solitary

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Permissive parenting tends to produce children with strong emotional regulation skills and healthy peer relationships.

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By the preschool years, unlike in infancy, children _____.


A) can learn from videos
B) can regulate emotions at an adultlike level
C) primarily learn through interactions with siblings
D) are unaffected by the content of violent media

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According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the Electra complex causes girls to _____.


A) resent their father because he has a penis
B) adore their father and resent their mother
C) prefer their mother to their father
D) try to make peace when parents fight

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Erikson called the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs between 3 and 6 years of age _____.


A) initiative versus guilt
B) industry versus inferiority
C) the preoperational stage
D) autonomy versus inferiority

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Regarding parenting, _____ may be a consequence, not a cause, of childhood anxiety.

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Of the different types of aggression, instrumental aggression is the one most likely to increase from 2 to 6 years of age.

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The desire to pursue a goal that comes from within a person is called "_____."


A) emotional regulation
B) extrinsic motivation
C) intrinsic motivation
D) effortful control

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Three girls spread a rumor that 7-year-old Heather is a bed-wetter who still uses a pacifier. This is an example of _____ aggression.


A) instrumental
B) reactive
C) bullying
D) relational

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Nevaeh noticed that a new girl in her preschool class was standing alone watching the other children. When Nevaeh asked the girl if she would like to play with her, she exhibited _____ behavior.

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The individual most likely to have grown up with authoritative parents is _____.


A) Kelly, who is obedient but not very happy
B) Raquel, who is happy and successful
C) Mary, who is unhappy and lacks self-control
D) Lacey, who is homeless and a drug user

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Rough-and-tumble play has been associated with the development of the _____ area of the brain since it helps children to regulate their emotions, practice social skills, and strengthen their bodies.


A) hippocampus
B) frontal lobe
C) prefrontal cortex
D) brain stem

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A parenting style characterized by high parent-to-child communication, low warmth, and high expectations of maturity is _____.


A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) permissive
D) neglectful

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Andrew spends hours practicing tying his shoes. He often practices alone with the goal of tying them well since he is extrinsically motivated.

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Authoritarian parents often _____.


A) offer their children a lot of praise
B) allow children to question their decisions
C) seem stern to their children
D) make few maturity demands on their children

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