Question 1

Research in the area of visual scanning suggests that newborns

Accepted Answer

A)   readily scan the inner features of a face.
B)   scan the inner features of a face only when it is their mother's face.
C)   scan mostly the outer contours of the face.
D)   spend most of their time scanning from the nose to the mouth.

Question 2

In the first few months of life, infants

Accepted Answer

A)   can move their eyes in the same direction most of the time.
B)   must rely on depth and distance cues that are available to each eye independently.
C)   can make use of stereoscopic vision.
D)   show fear when placed over a visual cliff.

Question 3

Studies of infant taste preferences indicate that taste preferences

Accepted Answer

A)   depend on whether the infant was breast- or bottle-fed.
B)   can be modified before or after birth.
C)   depend on the age of weaning the infant to solid foods.
D)   are very difficult to modify after the child is 3 months old.

Question 4

According to autostimulation theory, compared to those infants raised in an impoverished environment, infants who are raised in a stimulating environment would

Accepted Answer

A)   have increased need for REM sleep.
B)   have decreased need for REM sleep.
C)   spend the same amount of time in REM sleep.
D)   be more fussy and irritable regardless of the amount of REM sleep they got.

Question 5

Assessing infant reflexes can be useful because

Accepted Answer

A)   the presence or absence of reflexes may indicate the soundness of central nervous system activity.
B)   reflexes are the focus of every physical exam throughout childhood.
C)   infants with unusually strong reflexes have been found to be higher in intelligence later in life.
D)   the intensity of an infant's reflexes can be used to predict the child's temperament.

Question 6

The term "sensation" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the interpretation of stimulation by the nervous system.
B)   the tendency of an infant to seek stimulation.
C)   the detection of stimuli by the sensory receptors.
D)   the detection of stimuli through the skin.

Question 7

As a researcher interested in infant perception, you are setting up experimental conditions where an object is displayed at varying distances from the infant. You are investigating

Accepted Answer

A)   shape constancy.
B)   size constancy.
C)   image constancy.
D)   stereoscopic vision.

Question 8

Cite evidence from each sensory system discussed to dispute William James's claim that "the newborn baby's world is nothing more than a blooming, buzzing confusion."

Accepted Answer

Explain examples fro...

Question 9

Which of the following techniques is NOT effective in soothing a distressed infant?

Accepted Answer

A)   Providing a pacifier
B)   Swaddling
C)   Rocking
D)   Ignoring the baby

Question 10

As a developmental psychologist, you are interested in the predictive value of the Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale. After conducting a literature review, you have found that

Accepted Answer

A)   there is no relationship between performance on this scale and later social development.
B)   no relationship exists between neonatal performance and later motor development.
C)   this scale is predictive only for normal infants.
D)   a baby's behavior during the assessment is related to later parent-infant interaction.

Question 11

found that when testing babies' memory, memory is improved when babies are retested

Accepted Answer

A)   after a nap.
B)   in the same setting as opposed to a novel setting.
C)   during the period of the day when the original testing occurred.
D)   during a session that is shorter in duration than the original test.

Question 12

Infant hearing is

Accepted Answer

A)   identical to adult hearing with regard to both loudness and frequency.
B)   identical to adult hearing with regard to loudness but shows a sensitivity to higher frequencies.
C)   identical to adult hearing with regard to frequency but needs a somewhat louder sound.
D)   different from adult hearing in that it needs louder sounds and is more sensitive to higher frequencies.

Question 13

As a parent of a newborn, you are interested in providing your baby with interesting things to look at. Based on research regarding infants' visual preferences, you decide to

Accepted Answer

A)   wait until your baby is old enough to see better.
B)   hold objects moderately close to your baby's face.
C)   show your baby patterns with intricate detail.
D)   show your baby blurry patterns because that's all your baby can see.

Question 14

Your want to study but you have to take care of your baby sister. Which of the following would be most likely to hold her interest so that you can study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Have her listen to white noise on the television.
B)   Turn on a basketball game so she can hear the commentators.
C)   Play melodic music on your CD player.
D)   Play loud, discordant music on your CD player.

Question 15

Babies' perceptual and sensory systems are biologically prepared to respond to

Accepted Answer

A)   complex patterns and stimuli.
B)   social stimuli.
C)   stimuli that is loud and vibrant.
D)   any living stimuli.

Question 16

Your friend has just given birth to a new baby. Within the first few days of life, the baby will probably be able to imitate you when you make

Accepted Answer

A)   gestures with your hands.
B)   movements with your mouth, such as sticking out your tongue.
C)   facial expressions associated with anger and happiness.
D)   kicking motions with your feet.

Question 17

Studying an infant's state is important because it gives insight into the infant and her behavior. More specifically, infant state

Accepted Answer

A)   rejects the idea of rhythms of newborn behavior.
B)   is determined by environmental stimulation and parental style.
C)   gives insight to the predictability and organization of infant behavior.
D)   demonstrates the ways in which infants are controlled by outside stimulation.

Question 18

Research in infant learning does NOT support which of the following conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infants are best organized in early life to learn which stimuli are associated with dangerous events.
B)   Infant learning may reflect responses that are the most energy efficient.
C)   Infants do not learn by imitation.
D)   Infants are capable of learning through both operant conditioning and classical conditioning.

Question 19

Research conducted with young infants' perceptions of attractive faces demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   infants as young as 2 months prefer attractive faces.
B)   infants do not prefer attractive faces until 9 months of age.
C)   infants have to learn what is judged to be attractive by a given culture.
D)   infants show no preference for attractive faces.

Question 20

A mother of a 3-month-old seems convinced that her baby can tell the difference among several colors. You would respond to her by saying

Accepted Answer

A)   her baby probably is seeing different colors because babies at that age are able to discriminate and group colors into basic categories, similar to adults.
B)   her baby probably is not seeing different colors, but responding to the brightness of the shades.
C)   her baby probably is not seeing colors but only has gas.
D)   her baby probably is seeing colors because both parents are artists and she has a specialized gene for that ability.

Exam 4: Infancy: Sensation, Perception, and Learning

Research in infant learning does NOT support which of the following conclusions?

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As a researcher interested in infant perception, you are setting up experimental conditions where an object is displayed at varying distances from the infant. You are investigating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "sensation" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following techniques is NOT effective in soothing a distressed infant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research in the area of visual scanning suggests that newborns

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research conducted with young infants' perceptions of attractive faces demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

found that when testing babies' memory, memory is improved when babies are retested

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the first few months of life, infants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Babies' perceptual and sensory systems are biologically prepared to respond to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studying an infant's state is important because it gives insight into the infant and her behavior. More specifically, infant state

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a parent of a newborn, you are interested in providing your baby with interesting things to look at. Based on research regarding infants' visual preferences, you decide to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Assessing infant reflexes can be useful because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mother of a 3-month-old seems convinced that her baby can tell the difference among several colors. You would respond to her by saying

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a developmental psychologist, you are interested in the predictive value of the Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale. After conducting a literature review, you have found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend has just given birth to a new baby. Within the first few days of life, the baby will probably be able to imitate you when you make

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to autostimulation theory, compared to those infants raised in an impoverished environment, infants who are raised in a stimulating environment would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cite evidence from each sensory system discussed to dispute William James's claim that "the newborn baby's world is nothing more than a blooming, buzzing confusion."

Correct AnswerverifiedExplain examples fro...View AnswerShow Answer

Infant hearing is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of infant taste preferences indicate that taste preferences

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your want to study but you have to take care of your baby sister. Which of the following would be most likely to hold her interest so that you can study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Explain examples fro...
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