Question 1

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   filter feeders
B)   substrate feeders
C)   fluid feeders
D)   bulk feeders

Question 2

What benefit is gained by intestinal bacteria living in a mutualistic relationship with an animal?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacteria are provided with a regular source of nutrients.
B)   Temperature is always regulated.
C)   The bacteria can easily infect the animal's intestinal cells.
D)   The bacteria can avoid the animal's immune system.

Question 3

When used appropriately, antibiotic treatment can effectively reduce bacteria populations and help fight infections. However, antibiotic treatments can have unintended effects. What is one concern when using antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antibiotics also damage animal cells, so they can be more harmful than a bacterial infection.
B)   Antibiotics cause viruses to become more effective at infecting cells.
C)   Each antibiotic is only effective against one type of bacteria, so effects on infection are limited.
D)   Antibiotics may also kill the beneficial bacteria of the microbiome, thereby disrupting digestive health.

Question 4

After surgical removal of an infected gallbladder, a person must be especially careful to restrict dietary intake of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   protein
B)   sugar
C)   fat
D)   water

Question 5

The process by which digested dietary substances cross cell membranes to be used by the body is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ingestion
B)   digestion
C)   hydrolysis
D)   absorption

Question 6

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)   stomach-protein digestion
B)   large intestine-bile production
C)   small intestine-nutrient absorption
D)   pancreas-enzyme production

Question 7

In the digestive system, "peristalsis" is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a process of fat emulsification in the small intestine
B)   voluntary control of the rectal sphincters regulating defecation
C)   the transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel
D)   smooth muscle contractions that move food along the oesophagus

Question 8

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)   storage
B)   HCl production
C)   nutrient absorption
D)   enzyme secretion

Question 9

Which of the following is a difference between vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamins are involved in regulating enzyme activity, but minerals are not.
B)   Vitamins are organic molecules, but minerals are inorganic molecules.
C)   Minerals are obtained by an animal through dietary sources, but vitamins are made by the animal.
D)   Vitamins and minerals are only obtained by digesting plants.

Question 10

The function of chylomicrons is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   digest nucleic acids in the intestine
B)   break down carbohydrates in the mouth
C)   transport lipids from the intestine to other organs
D)   move proteins across plasma membranes of cells

Question 11

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   carnivores
B)   herbivores
C)   autotrophs
D)   omnivores

Question 12

Animals cannot produce enzymes to digest cellulose, yet many white ant species consume cellulose from plant material as a main part of their diet. How do white ants access the nutrients contained in cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A)   White ants have specialised mouthparts to mechanically break down the cellulose.
B)   The ingested plant material also contains enzymes for cellulose digestion.
C)   Cellulose is digested intracellularly in the white ant hindgut.
D)   Mutualistic bacteria in the hindgut of the white ant digest the cellulose into sugars.

Question 13

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   type 1 diabetes and prostate cancer
B)   type 2 diabetes and muscle hypertrophy
C)   type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
D)   type 2 diabetes and decreased appetite

Question 14

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. 
- Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   4
C)   5
D)   8

Question 15

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap?

Accepted Answer

A)   muscle proteins
B)   muscle and liver glycogen
C)   fat in the liver
D)   fat in adipose tissue

Question 16

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

Accepted Answer

A)   goblet cells
B)   chief cells
C)   parietal cells
D)   smooth muscle cells

Question 17

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   are catalysed by the same enzyme
B)   use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis) 
C)   require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH
D)   require adenosine triphosphate (ATP)  as an energy source

Question 18

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes

Accepted Answer

A)   occur inside cells in most animals.
B)   add a water molecule to break bonds.
C)   require a low pH resulting from HCl production.
D)   consume ATP.

Question 19

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralise the stomach acid.
B)   Trypsinogen is activated, thus neutralising the stomach acid.
C)   Bile salts from the gallbladder neutralise the stomach acid.
D)   When pepsinogen activates pepsin, one result is the neutralisation of stomach acid in the stomach.

Question 20

Stomach cells are moderately well adapted to the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach by having ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a sufficient colony of H. pylori
B)   a thick, mucous secretion and active mitosis of epithelial cells
C)   a high level of secretion of enzymes by chief cells
D)   a cell wall impermeable to acid

Exam 41: Animal Nutrition

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After surgical removal of an infected gallbladder, a person must be especially careful to restrict dietary intake of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When used appropriately, antibiotic treatment can effectively reduce bacteria populations and help fight infections. However, antibiotic treatments can have unintended effects. What is one concern when using antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animals cannot produce enzymes to digest cellulose, yet many white ant species consume cellulose from plant material as a main part of their diet. How do white ants access the nutrients contained in cellulose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What benefit is gained by intestinal bacteria living in a mutualistic relationship with an animal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a difference between vitamins and minerals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of chylomicrons is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stomach cells are moderately well adapted to the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach by having ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. - Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which digested dietary substances cross cell membranes to be used by the body is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the digestive system, "peristalsis" is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified