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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 151

Multiple Choice

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Melody has worked as a secretary at Consolidated Freight Handling for ten years.Although she earns a good salary and has made friends at work,she has been passed-over for promotion twice and feels that no one appreciates her abilities and skills.Melody is concerned with satisfying her:

A) physiological needs.
B) social needs.
C) safety needs.
D) esteem needs.

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Question 152

Multiple Choice

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Maalem Ben Ali is a refugee from Ethiopia who has none of the basic necessities Americans take for granted.He lives in an overcrowded tent in a refugee camp.He is often hungry and thirsty because food is scarce in the camp and the main water supply is polluted.According to Maslow,Maalem Ben Ali will be motivated to satisfy his ___________ needs,before addressing other concerns.

A) physiological
B) safety
C) social
D) self-actualization

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Question 153

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Which of the following statements would a proponent of management by objectives likely make?

Herzberg's research indicated that employees are motivated by job content.Contemporary managers focus on _____________ by increasing the significance of the job,and even providing the employee with important feedback.

Since hygiene factors do not motivate workers toward high achievement at work,managers can safely ignore these factors when trying to develop an effective work environment. Although hygiene factors (which include working conditions,job security,and pay)do not increase motivation,they can be responsible for dissatisfaction among employees if they are not maintained at an adequate level.To avoid dissatisfaction,managers must make sure that these hygiene factors are maintained at acceptable levels.

According to Herzberg,a sense of achievement,earned recognition,and interest in the work itself were all:

LivWell Biotechnology Company has four locations in the metropolitan area where you live.You work as a marketing specialist at the oldest and southern most location.Your colleagues at three other locations get ½ hour off each day to work out because there are work out facilities at each of their locations.You know that you make a little more than they do,but after measuring the cost of stopping off at the local physical fitness center on your way home each evening,you realize that your extra compensation would not cover the cost of a gym membership.You are keeping tabs on marketing positions that may open at the other locations.Although you enjoy the people that you work with at LivWell's southern location,you would agree that you are using equity theory,to bring a sense of fairness to what you perceive as an inequity. Equity theory states that if workers perceive a sense of unfairness,they will collect comparative information.They will somehow strive to bring a sense of equity to the situation by making a change,or they will rationalize that the inequity is not that important.

Peter Drucker made an important distinction when he stated that managers do not motivate employees,but employees motivate themselves.

Theory X managers are likely to believe that:

Working conditions recently changed at the Great Barriers Corporation.Managers and employees now answer their own phones,and even top managers are addressed by their first name.The company even eliminated executive washrooms and parking spaces.Great Barriers implemented all of these changes to motivate employees to work more productively by creating a team spirit within the company.Great Barriers' efforts are consistent with an attempt to:

The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the:

If rewards are an important part of an international firm's motivational strategy,consideration should be given to adjusting it for cultural preferences.

Greg is a small business owner who wants to find a way to increase the productivity of his employees.He has just finished reading a book on worker motivation,and found the book's discussion of the Hawthorne studies particularly relevant.Based on his reading,Greg is likely to view pay increases as the best way to improve employee motivation. The Hawthorne studies showed that motivation improved when employees felt special and believed their work was interesting and important.These results suggest that pay raises are not necessarily the best way to motivate his employees.

According to William Ouchi,two of the main features of the Japanese approach to management are individual decision-making and rapid promotions.

At Solar Concepts,Inc. ,employees are promised long-term employment and are involved in decision-making.The employees follow a somewhat specialized career path and have individual responsibility for results.Solar Concept's approach is an example of:

The Hawthorne studies found that employees in the experimental group:

When asked why they change jobs,over 80% of those surveyed said they usually leave one job for another in order to gain more job responsibility and a more senior role.

One implication of goal-setting theory is that goals should be:

Rewards that come from someone else in recognition of good work are _________ rewards.

Motivational formulas are: