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In Sullivan's view, the shift in the "targets" of intimacy during early adolescence from same-sex to other-sex relationships is primarily motivated by:


A) the need to transition from nonromantic to romantic relationships.
B) the onset of puberty and the emergence of sexuality and a biologically based sex drive.
C) resolving the homophobic conflict of childhood.
D) the need to appear popular by surrounding one's self with as many peers as possible.

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Which of the following is the best indicator of when an adolescent will engage in sexual behavior?


A) chronological age
B) biological development
C) the school norm
D) the age of their parents

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What proportion of American sixth-graders believe it is OK for someone to hit a boyfriend or girlfriend?


A) More than 50% of American sixth-graders believe it is OK for a girl to hit her boyfriend and about 25% believe it is OK for a boy to hit his girlfriend.
B) Approximately 10% of American sixth-graders believe it is OK for a girl to hit her boyfriend and only about 5% believe it is OK for a boy to hit his girlfriend.
C) More than 80% of American sixth-graders believe it is OK for a girl to hit her boyfriend; however, only about 10% believe it is OK for a boy to hit his girlfriend.
D) About 50% of American sixth-graders believe it is OK for a girl or boy to hit his or her romantic partner.

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Studies that compare adolescents' working models of their relationships:


A) show that emotional attachments in adolescence were influenced by attachments formed in infancy.
B) suggest that an individual's beliefs and expectations about relationships are similar across different interpersonal domains.
C) demonstrate different beliefs and expectations for different interpersonal domains.
D) show that early life attachments may not be relevant to relationships developed during adolescence.

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The likelihood that an individual will turn to a peer during a time of trouble _____ in adolescence and the likelihood of turning to a parent _____.


A) increases; increases
B) decreases; decreases
C) decreases; remains stable
D) increases; remains stable

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Compared to same-sex peers, who is likely to be less socially mature, less imaginative, less achievement-oriented, more superficial, and more likely to exhibit problem behaviors?


A) Amber, who started dating seriously at age 14
B) Becky, who started dating casually at age 14
C) Karin, who started dating seriously at age 16
D) Donald, who started dating seriously at age 16

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Statistics on the age at which young people marry indicate that:


A) it is approximately the same for males and females.
B) girls marry younger today than in their mothers' generation.
C) both males and females tend to be much older at first marriage than in the 1950s.
D) more males than females marry before they are 20.

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Contemporary discussions of adolescent romance draw on:


A) Sullivan's theory of interpersonal development.
B) attachment theory.
C) ecological perspectives on development.
D) All of these are correct.

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According to Sullivan, where does the capacity for intimacy first develop?


A) early adolescent, same-sex relationships
B) early adolescent, other-sex relationships
C) middle adolescent, other-sex relationships
D) preadolescent, same-sex relationships

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Within the United States and in Canada, adolescents of which racial/ethnic group are the least likely to date?


A) Asian
B) Hispanic
C) American Indian
D) White

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The extent to which an individual receives emotional or instructional assistance is called _____ support.


A) social
B) parental
C) instructional
D) recreational

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The closeness that intimacy brings to friendships also increases the likelihood of conflict in those relationships. Address the differences between close and casual friendships in the types of conflicts experienced in both forms of friendship, differences in conflict resolution, and differences between boys' and girls' conflicts with their friends.

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Although conflicts with close friends ar...

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Which one of the adolescents below will be most vulnerable to the potential negative consequences of a break-up?


A) Cory, an adolescent low in rejection sensitivity
B) Nicole, an adolescent who has never experienced a break-up
C) Richard, an adolescent who is a binge drinker and engages in delinquency
D) Michael, an adolescent who was the breaker-upper

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In general, which of the following relationships tends to be the closest?


A) mother-son relationship
B) mother-daughter relationship
C) father-son relationship
D) father-daughter relationship

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Children's friendships are based on _____, whereas adolescents' friendships are typically based on _____.


A) activities; competition
B) activities; intimacy
C) intimacy; competition
D) competition; activities

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It is important to keep in mind that an individual's relationships with parents, siblings, peers, and romantic partners:


A) vary drastically in form and function.
B) have a reverse causal relation.
C) are spuriously related.
D) are correlated.

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Carol, an eighth-grader, is facing a big dilemma and she needs advice. To whom is Carol likely to turn for this support?


A) her friends
B) her parents
C) an adult expert outside the family
D) it depends on the specific issue at hand

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The ways in which adolescents interact with romantic partners changes with development, with increasing


A) desires for more independence.
B) willingness to acknowledge, analyze, and work through disagreements.
C) sources of conflict.
D) pressure to engage in antisocial behavior.

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Which of the following is the best indicator of when an adolescent will begin dating?


A) chronological age
B) biological development
C) the school/community norms
D) whether he or she has older siblings

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Stephanie, an adolescent who has witnessed a great deal of conflict between her parents, will most likely experience higher levels of:


A) verbal aggression with her romantic partners.
B) physical aggression with her romantic partners.
C) relationship difficulties with her romantic partners.
D) All of these are correct.

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