Question 1

_____ studies allow researchers to search for associations between specific genetic abnormalities and psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

A)   Adoption
B)   Molecular genetic
C)   Twin
D)   Family history

Question 2

A multimethod approach in research means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   a researcher generates multiple hypotheses.
B)   the research method utilizes several theoretical frameworks.
C)   a variety of methods are used to study the same issue.
D)   several researchers are responsible for developing the research.

Question 3

A _____ between stress and depression would mean that people who report more stressors have higher levels of depression, and a _____ would mean that people who report more stressors actually have lower levels of depression.

Accepted Answer

A)   positive correlation; positive correlation
B)   negative correlation; negative correlation
C)   negative correlation; positive correlation
D)   positive correlation; negative correlation

Question 4

In which closed community was Janice Egeland's study of psychological disorders conducted?

Accepted Answer

A)   Old Order Amish community of Pennsylvania
B)   Old Colony Mennonites of South America
C)   Native American community in New Mexico
D)   Gypsy communities of Syria

Question 5

Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee with others who were participating in the study. However, he received the treatment several weeks later, once the study was complete. Lee most likely was part of a(n)  _____ group.

Accepted Answer

A)   double-blind
B)   simple control
C)   placebo control
D)   wait list control

Question 6

As part of Seligman and colleagues' animal study, it was discovered that the dogs in the experimental group were unable to recognize opportunities for control that arose. The researchers labeled this set of behaviors _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   locus of control
B)   aversive conditions
C)   learned response deficits
D)   learned helplessness deficits

Question 7

If two variables have a correlation (r)  of + .95, it means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   there is a weak positive correlation between the variables.
B)   the study resulted in a near perfect negative correlation.
C)   the variables show no correlation.
D)   there is a strong positive correlation between the variables.

Question 8

Case studies help researchers:

Accepted Answer

A)   focus on unconscious motivations and conflicts.
B)   measure overt behaviors.
C)   make general inferences about the sources of psychopathology.
D)   eliminate biological factors from the potential causes of psychopathology.

Question 9

Dr. Samuel wants to study the relationship between test anxiety and age. His participants are third-, fourth-, and fifth-graders who will be studied over a three-year period. He does not wish to establish a cause-effect relationship between variables. This is an example of a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)   cross-sectional study.
B)   experimental study.
C)   longitudinal study.
D)   case study.

Question 10

Cross-sectional studies observe:

Accepted Answer

A)   different groups at only one point in time.
B)   similar groups over different periods of time.
C)   the same group over different periods of time.
D)   different groups over different periods of time.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true of therapy outcome research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Even when a therapy works, researchers often cannot know exactly what it is about the therapy that works.
B)   Some researchers believe it is unethical to withhold treatment or to provide a treatment they believe is ineffective for people in distress.
C)   Therapists who vary the dosage of a drug or deviate from a study's procedure for psychological intervention may compromise the results of the study.
D)   In the real world, mental health services are delivered in controlled, high-quality atmospheres, and patients fit neatly into the criteria for an "optimal patient."

Question 12

Internal validity in experimental research means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the dependent variable was responsible for the manipulation.
B)   the dependent variable received the manipulation.
C)   the dependent variable was responsible for the changes that occurred to the independent variable.
D)   the changes in the dependent variable can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable.

Question 13

A hypothesis which states that there is no relationship between the phenomena being studied relative to the population is called a _____ hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)   null
B)   zero
C)   nondirectional
D)   latent

Question 14

A representative sample in research means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   the participants were hand-picked by the research according to race.
B)   the participants in the sample are highly typical of the population of interest.
C)   the participants were invited to participate in the study by a representative of the research group.
D)   some participants have a greater chance of being selected than others.

Question 15

When conducting research using an integrationist approach to abnormality, researchers must _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   gather information about people's biological, psychological, and social vulnerabilities and strengths
B)   devise new psychological and biological theories
C)   base their hypotheses on social and biological theories
D)   use research methodology from psychodynamic and sociological theories

Question 16

The process of following a basic series of steps that are designed to obtain and evaluate information relevant to a research problem in a systematic way is known as the _____ method.

Accepted Answer

A)   subjective
B)   scientific
C)   organizational
D)   schematic

Question 17

One of the advantages of conducting a longitudinal study instead of a cross-sectional study is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   it shows that the independent variable precedes and predicts changes in the dependent variable over time.
B)   it produces results that are almost always generalizable to the larger population.
C)   it is often inexpensive and the least time consuming of all research designs.
D)   it rarely suffers from the third variable problem and can accurately separate causes from consequences.

Question 18

Dr. Peters investigated the relationship between academic performance of middle school students and the length of recess in the school. The study revealed that the longer the periods of recess for students, the better were their performances. This study is indicative of a:

Accepted Answer

A)   zero correlation.
B)   positive correlation.
C)   negative correlation.
D)   cross-correlation.

Question 19

What is the primary advantage of human laboratory studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reliability
B)   Validity
C)   Participants
D)   Control

Question 20

Briefly describe the scientific method of research.

Accepted Answer

Key terms and concepts that may be inclu...

Exam 4: The Research Endeavor

In which closed community was Janice Egeland's study of psychological disorders conducted?

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A representative sample in research means that:

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Case studies help researchers:

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When conducting research using an integrationist approach to abnormality, researchers must _____.

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Which of the following is NOT true of therapy outcome research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A multimethod approach in research means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Samuel wants to study the relationship between test anxiety and age. His participants are third-, fourth-, and fifth-graders who will be studied over a three-year period. He does not wish to establish a cause-effect relationship between variables. This is an example of a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Peters investigated the relationship between academic performance of middle school students and the length of recess in the school. The study revealed that the longer the periods of recess for students, the better were their performances. This study is indicative of a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of following a basic series of steps that are designed to obtain and evaluate information relevant to a research problem in a systematic way is known as the _____ method.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A _____ between stress and depression would mean that people who report more stressors have higher levels of depression, and a _____ would mean that people who report more stressors actually have lower levels of depression.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Internal validity in experimental research means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ studies allow researchers to search for associations between specific genetic abnormalities and psychopathology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the advantages of conducting a longitudinal study instead of a cross-sectional study is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cross-sectional studies observe:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As part of Seligman and colleagues' animal study, it was discovered that the dogs in the experimental group were unable to recognize opportunities for control that arose. The researchers labeled this set of behaviors _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary advantage of human laboratory studies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If two variables have a correlation (r) of + .95, it means that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the scientific method of research.

Correct AnswerverifiedKey terms and concepts that may be inclu...View AnswerShow Answer

Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee with others who were participating in the study. However, he received the treatment several weeks later, once the study was complete. Lee most likely was part of a(n) _____ group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hypothesis which states that there is no relationship between the phenomena being studied relative to the population is called a _____ hypothesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A _ between stress and depression would mean that people who report more stressors have higher levels of depression, and a _ would mean that people who report more stressors actually have lower levels of depression.

Correct Answer
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Key terms and concepts that may be inclu...
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