Question 1

A cell with a predominance of free ribosomes is most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   primarily producing proteins for secretion
B)   primarily producing proteins in the cytosol
C)   constructing an extensive cell wall or extracellular matrix
D)   digesting large food particles
E)   enlarging its vacuole

Question 2

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisome

Question 3

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and, therefore, abundant in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   rough ER
B)   smooth ER
C)   Golgi apparatus
D)   nuclear envelope
E)   transport vesicles

Question 4

A cell with an extensive area of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is specialized to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   play a role in storage
B)   synthesize large quantities of lipids
C)   actively export protein molecules
D)   import and export protein molecules

Question 5

Motor proteins require energy in the form of ATP. ATP hydrolysis results in a conformational change that allows the protein to move along microtubular tracks (pathways) . What structural component of the motor protein contains the ATP binding site and, therefore, changes shape to enable movement?

Accepted Answer

A)   the portion of the molecule that binds to the vesicle being transported
B)   the stalk
C)   the portion of the molecule that binds to the microtubular track along which the vesicle is being transported
D)   a location midway between the vesicle binding site and the portion of the molecule that binds to microtubular tracks

Question 6

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisome

Question 7

Proteins coded for by nuclear DNA but found within mitochondria move from the cytoplasm into mitochondria using ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   signal sequences (peptides) 
B)   random transport vesicles
C)   attachment of ribosomes to outer mitochondrial pores and direct deposition into the inner mitochondrial compartment
D)   mRNAs that are manufactured in the nucleus but translated by mitochondrial ribosomes

Question 8

Where are proteins produced other than on ribosomes free in the cytosol or ribosomes attached to the ER?

Accepted Answer

A)   in the extracellular matrix
B)   in the Golgi apparatus
C)   in lysosomes
D)   in mitochondria
E)   in the nucleolus

Question 9

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   a cell wall
C)   a plasma membrane
D)   ribosomes
E)   an endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplast
B)   wall made of cellulose
C)   central vacuole
D)   mitochondrion
E)   centriole

Question 11

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysosome
B)   vacuole
C)   mitochondrion
D)   Golgi apparatus
E)   peroxisome

Question 12

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   the endoplasmic reticulum
B)   the Golgi apparatus
C)   the lysosome
D)   mitochondrion
E)   membrane-bound ribosomes

Question 13

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prokaryotes have cells but eukaryotes do not.
B)   Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes.
C)   Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism.
D)   Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT found in a prokaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   a cell wall
C)   a mitochondrion
D)   a plasma membrane

Question 15

Scientists have found that polypeptides which are normally synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum are about 20 amino acids longer when they are synthesized by ribosomes not attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. What is a possible explanation for the greater length of these polypeptides?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum require fewer amino acids to function.
B)   The 20 amino acids serve as a signal (peptide)  sequence that directs the forming polypeptides to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are cleaved off during processing.
C)   The 20-amino-acid sequence helps the endoplasmic reticulum package these proteins for shipping to the Golgi.
D)   The protein has a different function in the cytosol than in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 16

Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   microtubules and motor proteins
B)   actin filaments and microtubules
C)   actin filaments and ribosomes
D)   centrioles and motor proteins
E)   actin filaments and motor proteins

Question 17

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Accepted Answer

A)   tubulin
B)   laminin
C)   actin
D)   intermediate filaments
E)   secretory vesicles

Question 18

An organism with a cell wall would most likely be unable to take in materials through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   diffusion
B)   osmosis
C)   active transport
D)   phagocytosis
E)   facilitated diffusion

Question 19

A primary objective of cell fractionation (including differential centrifugation)  is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   view the structure of cell membranes
B)   sort cells based on their size and weight
C)   determine the size of various organelles
D)   separate the major organelles
E)   separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble molecules

Question 20

In receptor-mediated endocytosis, receptor molecules initially project to the outside of the cell. Where do they end up after endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   on the outside of vesicles
B)   on the inside surface of the cell membrane
C)   on the inside surface of the vesicle
D)   on the outer surface of the nucleus
E)   on the ER

Exam 7: Inside the Cell

Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell with an extensive area of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is specialized to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are proteins produced other than on ribosomes free in the cytosol or ribosomes attached to the ER?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell EXCEPT ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins coded for by nuclear DNA but found within mitochondria move from the cytoplasm into mitochondria using ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell with a predominance of free ribosomes is most likely ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and, therefore, abundant in liver cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists have found that polypeptides which are normally synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum are about 20 amino acids longer when they are synthesized by ribosomes not attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. What is a possible explanation for the greater length of these polypeptides?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT found in a prokaryote?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In receptor-mediated endocytosis, receptor molecules initially project to the outside of the cell. Where do they end up after endocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism with a cell wall would most likely be unable to take in materials through ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Motor proteins require energy in the form of ATP. ATP hydrolysis results in a conformational change that allows the protein to move along microtubular tracks (pathways) . What structural component of the motor protein contains the ATP binding site and, therefore, changes shape to enable movement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primary objective of cell fractionation (including differential centrifugation) is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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