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Exam 4: Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

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Question 41

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What destroyed the city of St.Pierre, Martinique in 1902?

A) mudflows
B) mafic lava flows
C) heavy ashfall
D) a nuée ardente

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Question 42

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How quickly are volcanoes like Paricutin in Mexico or Mt.Edziza in central B.C.built?

A) in a single eruption within a few hours
B) in a single eruption within a few days
C) in a single eruptive cycle lasting about a year or more
D) in several eruptive cycles over 10's of thousands of years

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Question 43

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What is the most abundant type of magma erupted at oceanic spreading centres?

Ash and lapilli are different sized pyroclastic particles, smaller and larger than 2 mm respectively.

A magma's viscosity and tendency to cause explosive eruptions depends on its composition, temperature, and volatile gas content.

Correctly rank the these three magmas in order of increasing viscosity: andesitic, mafic, felsic.

Which one of the following statements is false?

Obviously large volumes of lava and pyroclastic debris pose serious hazards to humans.What are some of the more indirect hazards associated with volcanic eruptions? Which of these indirect hazards are more likely to be overlooked when planning for potential eruptions in a given area? Why?

The eruptions of the Hawaiian volcanoes may be described as explosive in comparison to the 2010 Mount Merapi eruption.

Fluid mafic eruptions on sloping seafloor leaves piles of glassy skinned irregular shaped deposits called ________.

Consider the differences in shape and size of shield volcanoes, cinder cones, and composite volcanoes.How does the relative size and shape of each reflect variations in eruptive characteristics (duration, types of materials, composition of lava, etc.)? Which eruptive characteristics are common to all volcanoes and which ones are unique to each?

Volcanic bombs originate ________.

Approximately how long has B.C.'s Mt.Garibaldi, in the Canadian part of the Cascades volcanoes, been dormant?

The 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines caused global temperatures to drop over the next year.What caused this phenomenon?

What volcanic rock, typically of rhyolitic composition, forms by compaction and squeezing together of particles in a hot, pyroclastic-flow deposit?

For the following items, please choose from one of the following answers. -________ small basaltic cones built during one, short, eruptive episode

Repeated eruptions of relatively fluid lava from fissures (Columbia River Plateau, Deccan Traps)can eventually cause an area to be covered by flood basalts.

What are the smaller secondary volcanic vents on a large composite volcano like Mt.Etna called?

A relatively small, summit depression on a volcano, marking a former eruptive vent, is called a what?

Word Analysis Questions Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. -Choose the option that does not fit the pattern. A)Deccan Traps B)Minus Basin C)Columbia Plateau D)Black Tusk