Question 1

A key feature for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Dr. C. was

Accepted Answer

A)   focal damage to a single brain region evident in a CT scan.
B)   diverse neurological symptoms that appeared at different times.
C)   the excess production of myelin in the nervous system.
D)   the occurrence of small strokes that impair brain function.
E)   an autoimmune disease that attacks the myelin found in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 2

When students enter a class, they tend to spread themselves out (provided there are enough desks to do so) . In biological terms, this effect would be

Accepted Answer

A)   electrostatic pressure.
B)   ionic movement.
C)   diffusion.
D)   antisocialism.
E)   ionic static.

Question 3

Match up the internal cell structure with the function most closely associated with that structure.

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleolus; production of cytoplasm
B)   ribosomes; production of DNA
C)   lipid bilayer; production of ribosomes
D)   nucleolus; production of ribosomes
E)   mRNA; production of cytoplasm

Question 4

The _______ is the voltage level at which an action potential is triggered in a patch of axon membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)   resting membrane potential
B)   hyperpolarization event
C)   threshold of excitation
D)   rate level
E)   refractory period

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding the action potential (AP) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   The AP is conducted along the dendrite.
B)   The AP is conducted faster in unmyelinated nerve cells.
C)   The AP is an all-or-none electrical event.
D)   The AP amplitude is higher for an intense signal.
E)   The AP amplitude depends on its location along the axon.

Question 6

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

Accepted Answer

A)   protein molecules.
B)   vesicle remnants.
C)   a double layer of lipid molecules.
D)   cytoplasm.
E)   a single layer of lipid molecules interfaced with a layer of protein molecules.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)   The effects of hormones do not involve receptor activation.
B)   Neurotransmitters act on binding sites on receptors to exert their effects.
C)   Receptors are insensitive to drugs.
D)   Neuromodulators are ligands that come from outside the body.
E)   Hormone receptors are found in all tissues except brain.

Question 8

Placing neurons and their synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal.
B)   enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential.
C)   increase the number of transmitter molecules released from the axon terminal.
D)   prolong the refractory period of the action potential.
E)   prevent the release of neurotransmitter into the synapse.

Question 9

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensory
B)   Motor
C)   Inter-
D)   Relay inter-
E)   Local inter-

Question 10

____________ fill vesicles with the neurotransmitter, and ______________ are involved in the release of neurotransmitters and recycling of the vesicles.

Accepted Answer

Transport ...

Question 11

Ca++ enters the cell when an action potential is generated. Diffision and electrostatic pressures push Ca++ into the cell. Ca++ channels are

Accepted Answer

A)   passive.
B)   chemically-gated.
C)   voltage-gated.
D)   always open.
E)   chemically-gated and voltage-gated.

Question 12

________ are bead-like structures that extract energy from nutrients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are bead-like structures that extract energy...

Question 13

Which of the following is consistent with the "all-or-none" law?

Accepted Answer

A)   The action potential will diminish to near 0 mV when transmitted down a long axon.
B)   The action potential fires at the same rate regardless of the inputs to the neuron.
C)   The action potential is conducted more rapidly down the axon as it reaches the axon terminal.
D)   The action potential is produced whenever the membrane potential reaches threshold.
E)   The action potential travels only in one direction.

Question 14

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)   extraspinal
B)   central nervous
C)   enteric nervous
D)   human nervous
E)   peripheral nervous

Question 15

A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain

Accepted Answer

A)   peptide neurotransmitters
B)   neurotransmitter receptors.
C)   enzymes that degrade transmitter molecules.
D)   synthesis peptides.
E)   nonpeptide transmitter molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of ion distribution across the axon membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chloride ions are more concentrated inside the axon membrane.
B)   Potassium ions are more concentrated outside the cell membrane.
C)   The action potential is the balance point between diffusion and electrostatic pressure.
D)   Sodium ions are more concentrated outside the axon membrane.
E)   Sodium ions are more concentrated inside the axon membrane.

Question 17

In order to cross the synapse between two cells, a substance called ___________ is released from the first cell (pre-synapse)  to activate or inhibit the second cell (post-synapse) .

Accepted Answer

A)   a neurotransmitter
B)   protein
C)   kinesin
D)   dynein
E)   mitochondria

Question 18

The scar tissue generated in the brain by _______ cells acts to impede the regrowth of nerve cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocytes
B)   microglia
C)   Schwann cells
D)   axon terminals
E)   phagocytes

Question 19

What property of the neuron membrane produces the "all-or-none" law?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated ion channels of the axon m...

Question 20

If Ca++ was blocked,

Accepted Answer

A)   Na+ would be stuck inside of the cell.
B)   neurotransmitters could not be released from the cell.
C)   voltage-gated ion channels would remain closed.
D)   passive channels would close.
E)   passive channels would open.

Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

________ are bead-like structures that extract energy from nutrients.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A key feature for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Dr. C. was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Ca++ was blocked,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Placing neurons and their synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scar tissue generated in the brain by _______ cells acts to impede the regrowth of nerve cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ca++ enters the cell when an action potential is generated. Diffision and electrostatic pressures push Ca++ into the cell. Ca++ channels are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ is the voltage level at which an action potential is triggered in a patch of axon membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match up the internal cell structure with the function most closely associated with that structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding the action potential (AP) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What property of the neuron membrane produces the "all-or-none" law?

Correct AnswerverifiedVoltage-gated ion channels of the axon m...View AnswerShow Answer

A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of receptors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is consistent with the "all-or-none" law?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________ fill vesicles with the neurotransmitter, and ______________ are involved in the release of neurotransmitters and recycling of the vesicles.

Correct AnswerverifiedTransport ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is true of ion distribution across the axon membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to cross the synapse between two cells, a substance called ___________ is released from the first cell (pre-synapse) to activate or inhibit the second cell (post-synapse) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When students enter a class, they tend to spread themselves out (provided there are enough desks to do so) . In biological terms, this effect would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Voltage-gated ion channels of the axon m...
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fill vesicles with the neurotransmitter, and __ are involved in the release of neurotransmitters and recycling of the vesicles.

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Transport ...
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