Question 1

Stereotaxic apparatuses exist for

Accepted Answer

A)   mice.
B)   rats.
C)   humans.
D)   rats and mice only.
E)   mice, rats, and humans (among others) .

Question 2

The ________ labeling method uses chemicals that are taken up by dendrites and then transported through axons toward terminal buttons.

Accepted Answer

A)   retrograde
B)   axoplasmic
C)   anterograde
D)   heterosynaptic
E)   homosynaptic

Question 3

What is the rationale for experimental ablation method?

Accepted Answer

The notion is that changes in ...

Question 4

Formalin is useful in the histology laboratory because it

Accepted Answer

A)   introduces microorganisms that help to decompose the brain after death.
B)   halts the enzyme process that breaks down brain tissue after death.
C)   quickly removes the blood from the brain.
D)   softens the brain tissue.
E)   produces a reversible lesion of the brain.

Question 5

________ can be translated as "writing with one's own radiation."

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ can be translated as "writing with...

Question 6

Explain the rationale behind the optogenetic methods.

Accepted Answer

The method can be used to stimulate or i...

Question 7

Which of the following represents a problem for interpreting the effects of a brain lesion on behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Brain lesions are difficult to produce in animals.
B)   The lesion may impair the function of a distant neural structure, which in turn alters behavior.
C)   Behaviors are difficult to monitor reliably in animals.
D)   Each brain structure is isolated from the others.
E)   Since only 10 percent of the brain is in use, there is only a 10 percent chance that damaging a structure will induce a behavioral change.

Question 8

The brain imaging method with the best spatial resolution is

Accepted Answer

A)   CT.
B)   PET.
C)   MRI.
D)   fMRI.
E)   electroencephalograph.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of the anterograde labeling procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)   A target molecule is injected into the gut.
B)   The target molecule is transported from the axon terminals back to the soma and dendrites.
C)   The target molecule is taken up by the dendrites of cells in the injection zone and transported through axons.
D)   Eventually the target molecule fills cell bodies.
E)   A light microscopy method is used to visualize the cells in a section that contains the target molecules.

Question 10

If one twin has Syndrome Z and the other is more likely to have it than the average non-related individual, then Syndrome Z is

Accepted Answer

A)   concordant.
B)   discordant.
C)   dissimilar.
D)   similar.
E)   dizygotic.

Question 11

A scientist wishing to locate small bundles of axons in the human brain would be advised to use the _______ technique.

Accepted Answer

A)   transneuronal tracing
B)   PET scan
C)   fMRI
D)   diffuser tension imaging
E)   computerized tomography

Question 12

Which of the following is true of confocal laser scanning microscopy?

Accepted Answer

A)   This technique is limited to a magnification of X100.
B)   The confocal laser scanning microscope uses an electron beam to scan a thin slice of tissue.
C)   The procedure can be used to visualize living brain cells.
D)   This technique can only be used for tissue subjected to formalin.
E)   This technique has less resolution than does light microscopy.

Question 13

The ________ technique would be used to trace efferent axons from a brain region.

Accepted Answer

A)   retrograde labeling method
B)   staining produced by methylene blue
C)   scanning electron microscopy
D)   anterograde labeling method
E)   computerized tomography

Question 14

The ________ technique uses a radio frequency wave to excite hydrogen atoms in the brain to create an image of the living human brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   computerized tomography
B)   microdialysis
C)   magnetic resonance imaging
D)   retrograde tracing
E)   PET scan

Question 15

The ________ technique can be used to visualize differences between white matter and gray matter in a living subject.

Accepted Answer

A)   confocal laser scanning microscopy
B)   transneuronal tracing procedure
C)   magnetic resonance imaging
D)   stereotaxic procedure
E)   computerized tomography

Question 16

The ________ method uses an antibody linked to a radioactive molecule to bind to a peptide or an enzyme in brain tissue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ method uses an antibody linked...

Question 17

Immunocytochemical techniques take advantage of the specific affinity of antibodies for

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine receptors.
B)   glial cell nuclei.
C)   cytogens.
D)   a peptide or protein molecule.
E)   white blood cells.

Question 18

Successive pages of a stereotaxic atlas refer to

Accepted Answer

A)   various distances relative to the bottom of the brain.
B)   the distance from the top of the skull.
C)   various distances relative to bregma.
D)   various distances relative to the midline.
E)   horizontal sections of the brain.

Question 19

One of the oldest methods used in neuroscience to study brain function is

Accepted Answer

A)   immunocytochemistry.
B)   stereotaxic surgery.
C)   autoradiography.
D)   experimental ablation.
E)   twin-study methods.

Question 20

Killing neurons by overstimulating them is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   electric current via wire.
B)   anesthesia.
C)   excitatory amino acids.
D)   sucking away brain tissue.
E)   radio-frequency current.

Exam 5: Methods and Strategies of Research

Formalin is useful in the histology laboratory because it

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Immunocytochemical techniques take advantage of the specific affinity of antibodies for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ labeling method uses chemicals that are taken up by dendrites and then transported through axons toward terminal buttons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Killing neurons by overstimulating them is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Successive pages of a stereotaxic atlas refer to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A scientist wishing to locate small bundles of axons in the human brain would be advised to use the _______ technique.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ technique would be used to trace efferent axons from a brain region.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of confocal laser scanning microscopy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the oldest methods used in neuroscience to study brain function is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ method uses an antibody linked to a radioactive molecule to bind to a peptide or an enzyme in brain tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ technique can be used to visualize differences between white matter and gray matter in a living subject.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain imaging method with the best spatial resolution is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one twin has Syndrome Z and the other is more likely to have it than the average non-related individual, then Syndrome Z is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ technique uses a radio frequency wave to excite hydrogen atoms in the brain to create an image of the living human brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of the anterograde labeling procedure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stereotaxic apparatuses exist for

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What is the rationale for experimental ablation method?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe notion is that changes in ...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain the rationale behind the optogenetic methods.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe method can be used to stimulate or i...View AnswerShow Answer

________ can be translated as "writing with one's own radiation."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents a problem for interpreting the effects of a brain lesion on behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The notion is that changes in ...
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The method can be used to stimulate or i...
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