Question 1

What was the ultimate aim of Frederick the Great's reforms?

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancing state power
B)  ending serfdom
C)  weakening the Catholic Church
D)  providing religious freedom
E)  weakening the aristocrats

Question 2

What writer criticized the constraints of society by declaring "Man is born free and everywhere is in chains"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rousseau
B)  Voltaire
C)  Diderot
D)  Montesquieu
E)  Kant

Question 3

Which Prussian ruler had a stormy friendship with Voltaire?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frederick the Great
B)  Catherine the Great
C)  Peter the Great
D)  Joseph II
E)  Maria Teresa

Question 4

Which thinker of the seventeenth century influenced Deists and Enlightenment thinkers by carrying forward the Reformation idea that sacred texts should be carefully subjected to reason and analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baruch Spinoza
B)  David Hume
C)  Francis Bacon
D)  Isaac Newton
E)  Thomas Paine

Question 5

Who is credited with beginning the movement known as the Great Awakening?

Accepted Answer

A)  George Whitefield
B)  John Wesley
C)  Samuel Richardson
D)  Jonathan Edwards
E)  Thomas Paine

Question 6

What two humanitarian causes did Olympe de Gouges espouse?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Who rebuked his countrymen for tolerating slavery even while they were calling for their own freedom from monarchical authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thomas Paine
B)  Samuel Richardson
C)  John Wesley
D)  George Whitefield
E)  Rousseau

Question 8

The careers of Haydn and Mozart show that eighteenth-century musicians

Accepted Answer

A)  often depended on the wealthy and powerful to provide them with a living.
B)  were reluctant to challenge the Baroque style of their predecessors.
C)  were not influenced in any meaningful way by Enlightenment ideas,
D)  embraced mysticism and the irrational.
E)  had little popular appeal and were only admired centuries later.

Question 9

Voltaire opposed established religious institutions because he

Accepted Answer

A)  saw the influence of churches as a barrier to human progress.
B)  believed that religion was "the opiate of the masses."
C)  was a confirmed atheist.
D)  was jealous of the wealth and power of the Catholic Church.
E)  had been refused admission to a Jesuit school.

Question 10

What proved that Frederick the Great and Catherine the Great were not fully committed to lessening the misery of their poor subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  They went to war to expand territory and power.
B)  They were only partially committed to their reforms.
C)  Their reforms were designed for public relations.
D)  They both discarded the programs when opposed.
E)  Their programs were limited in scope and funding.

Question 11

Olympe de Gouges was executed because she was convicted of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Olympe de Gouges was executed because she...

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the attitudes of Enlightenment thinkers toward women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Locke thought women should play an equal role with men in the political realm.
B)  Rousseau believed that women were naturally inferior.
C)  Kant thought that too much education was not good for a woman.
D)  Montesquieu was sympathetic to greater educational opportunities for women.
E)  Olympe de Gouges was a proponent of the rights of women.

Question 13

Which of the following individuals was NOT a champion of women's rights during the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau
B)  Mary Wollstonecraft
C)  Olympe de Gouge
D)  Abigail Adams
E)  Emilie de Chatelet

Question 14

Free Masonry organizations were similar to contemporary churches in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  performed acts of charity,practiced rituals,and fostered a sense of community.
B)  performed missionary work,gave classes in rhetoric,and were influential teachers.
C)  provided financial support to innovative writers and sponsored concerts.
D)  performed missionary work,performed charitable acts,and were influential teachers.
E)  sponsored concerts and provided financial support to innovative artists.

Question 15

What thinkers rejected the objectivity and rationality of the Enlightenment by speaking up for the validity of emotion and sentiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Samuel Richardson
B)  Thomas Paine and Jean-Jacques Rousseau
C)  Olympe de Gouges and Mary Wollstonecraft
D)  Madame de Pompadour and Abigail Adams
E)  Olympe de Gouges and Abigail Adams

Question 16

The belief that the total amount of the world's wealth is finite is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of The belief that the total amount of...

Question 17

"Enlightened despots" like Catherine the Great and Frederick the Great believed the primary value of Enlightenment ideas was that they

Accepted Answer

A)  increased the power of their states.
B)  maximized their citizens' happiness.
C)  saved their subjects' souls.
D)  ensured equality for women.
E)  made their countries more democratic.

Question 18

What problem did Austria face to a greater extent than other eighteenth-century states?

Accepted Answer

A)  a diversity of nationalities with little in common
B)  too small a territory to support its ambitions
C)  a nobility and church too weak to be influential
D)  a lack of enlightened leadership
E)  overreliance on the military as an instrument of policy

Question 19

Who advised her lawmaker husband to think more about the rights of women than his ancestors had?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abigail Adams
B)  Mary Wollstonecraft
C)  Madame de Pompadour
D)  Olympe de Gouges
E)  Mary Jefferson

Question 20

What aspect of English society did Voltaire champion in contrast to French society?

Accepted Answer

A)  parliamentary government
B)  autocracy
C)  enlightened despotism
D)  tripartite government
E)  the House of Lords

Exam 16: The Age of Enlightenment: Rationalism and Its Uses

What was the ultimate aim of Frederick the Great's reforms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What proved that Frederick the Great and Catherine the Great were not fully committed to lessening the misery of their poor subjects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The belief that the total amount of the world's wealth is finite is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following individuals was NOT a champion of women's rights during the Enlightenment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which thinker of the seventeenth century influenced Deists and Enlightenment thinkers by carrying forward the Reformation idea that sacred texts should be carefully subjected to reason and analysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Enlightened despots" like Catherine the Great and Frederick the Great believed the primary value of Enlightenment ideas was that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is credited with beginning the movement known as the Great Awakening?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Free Masonry organizations were similar to contemporary churches in that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What problem did Austria face to a greater extent than other eighteenth-century states?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who advised her lawmaker husband to think more about the rights of women than his ancestors had?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The careers of Haydn and Mozart show that eighteenth-century musicians

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Voltaire opposed established religious institutions because he

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What thinkers rejected the objectivity and rationality of the Enlightenment by speaking up for the validity of emotion and sentiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What two humanitarian causes did Olympe de Gouges espouse?

Correct Answerverifiedabolition ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which Prussian ruler had a stormy friendship with Voltaire?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Olympe de Gouges was executed because she was convicted of

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Who rebuked his countrymen for tolerating slavery even while they were calling for their own freedom from monarchical authority?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What writer criticized the constraints of society by declaring "Man is born free and everywhere is in chains"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What aspect of English society did Voltaire champion in contrast to French society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the attitudes of Enlightenment thinkers toward women?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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abolition ...
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