Question 1

The TATA box in eukaryotes is most similar to _______ in prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)   sigma factors
B)   the entire promoter
C)   a consensus sequence in the promoter
D)   an operator
E)   an inducer

Question 2

Which statement about histone modifications is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   They cause some genes to be transcriptionally activated.
B)   They can result in the repression of gene transcription.
C)   They can be inherited from parental cells in a Mendelian fashion.
D)   They are the initial step in Barr body formation.
E)   They are due to acetylation, phosphorylation, or methylation.

Question 3

The Barr body indicates

Accepted Answer

A)   X chromosome inactivation.
B)   cell death.
C)   genomic imprinting.
D)   posttranslational control of eukaryotic gene expression.
E)   stress response.

Question 4

DNA methyltransferase

Accepted Answer

A)   adds methyl groups to DNA.
B)   adds methyl groups to DNA but only during DNA replication.
C)   adds methyl groups to DNA but only during reverse transcription.
D)   removes methyl groups from DNA.
E)   keeps track of where methyl groups have been added.

Question 5

Specific transcription factors would be able to recognize sequences in _______ gene promoter regions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Specific transcription factors would be able to...

Question 6

In a bacteriophage undergoing a lytic phase, the early gene products _______ the host genes and _______ the late genes.

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulate; stimulate
B)   stimulate; have no effect on
C)   stimulate; inhibit
D)   inhibit; stimulate
E)   inhibit; inhibit

Question 7

If you wanted to build a complex organism with differentiated cells, which type of molecule would not help achieve that goal?

Accepted Answer

A)   General transcription factors
B)   Varied RNA polymerases
C)   Nuclear envelopes
D)   Operons
E)   Specific transcription factors

Question 8

With a small number of genes, a cell can use _______ to achieve a large variety of protein products.

Accepted Answer

alternativ...

Question 9

Methylation most often occurs to _______ that are next to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   adenines; cytosines
B)   adenines; guanines
C)   cytosines; adenines
D)   cytosines; guanines
E)   guanines; adenines

Question 10

The number of Barr bodies in a mammalian cell will be

Accepted Answer

A)   equal to the number of X chromosomes in the same cell.
B)   one more than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell.
C)   one fewer than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell.
D)   one more than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell in a male, but one fewer than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell in a female.
E)   one fewer than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell in a male, but one more than the number of X chromosomes in the same cell in a female.

Question 11

Gene regulation by tat in HIV occurs at the level of

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription initiation.
B)   transcription elongation.
C)   mRNA stability.
D)   translation initiation.
E)   translation elongation.

Question 12

HIV, which causes AIDS, is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteriophage.
B)   double-stranded DNA virus.
C)   single-stranded DNA virus.
D)   a type of herpes virus.
E)   retrovirus.

Question 13

If HIV is mutated such that its tat protein is less able to bind to mRNA, the most likely result will be

Accepted Answer

A)   more initiation of transcription.
B)   less initiation of transcription.
C)   the termination of more partial transcripts, and thus the making of fewer complete transcripts.
D)   the termination of fewer partial transcripts, and thus the making of more complete transcripts.
E)   a reduction in the stability of complete transcripts.

Question 14

In its role in protein regulation, ubiquitin is most closely associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   alternative splicing.
B)   proteasomes.
C)   siRNAs.
D)   miRNAs.
E)   Xist.

Question 15

A certain operon has structural genes that encode enzymes involved in the synthesis of a glycopeptide.This system is likely to be _______, and _______ will most likely bind to the operator.

Accepted Answer

A)   inducible; the glycopeptide
B)   inducible; one or more molecules used in the production of the glycopeptide
C)   repressible; the glycopeptide
D)   repressible; one or more molecules used in the production of the glycopeptide
E)   repressible; no molecules

Question 16

A small RNA product that would be useful for defense against invading viruses is a(n) _______, since it results in the degradation of mRNA transcripts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A small RNA product that would be...

Question 17

Refer to the figure showing an experiment on female honey bees.  Which conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreasing DNA methylation causes larvae destined to become worker bees to instead become queens.
B)   Increasing DNA methylation causes larvae destined to become worker bees to instead become queens.
C)   Decreasing DNA methylation causes larvae destined to become queens to instead become worker bees.
D)   Increasing DNA methylation causes larvae destined to become queens to instead become worker bees.
E)   More data are needed before conclusions can be drawn.

Question 18

A mutagenesis screen uncovers two discrete mutations, each for a single gene of a given operon that contains the genes that control a biosynthetic pathway.Which phenomenon would likely be observed in an organism that carries both of these mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Partial linkage
B)   Complete linkage
C)   Epistasis
D)   Recessive lethality
E)   Complete dominance/recessiveness

Question 19

Proteins that are produced all the time at a constant rate are _______ proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)   inducible
B)   repressible
C)   regulatory
D)   constitutive
E)   metabolic

Question 20

Sigma factors bind to

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins.
B)   DNA.
C)   RNA.
D)   lipids.
E)   carbohydrates.

Exam 16: Regulation of Gene Expression

If HIV is mutated such that its tat protein is less able to bind to mRNA, the most likely result will be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A small RNA product that would be useful for defense against invading viruses is a(n) _______, since it results in the degradation of mRNA transcripts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In its role in protein regulation, ubiquitin is most closely associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the figure showing an experiment on female honey bees. Which conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Specific transcription factors would be able to recognize sequences in _______ gene promoter regions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sigma factors bind to

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A certain operon has structural genes that encode enzymes involved in the synthesis of a glycopeptide.This system is likely to be _______, and _______ will most likely bind to the operator.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With a small number of genes, a cell can use _______ to achieve a large variety of protein products.

Correct Answerverifiedalternativ...View AnswerShow Answer

If you wanted to build a complex organism with differentiated cells, which type of molecule would not help achieve that goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins that are produced all the time at a constant rate are _______ proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about histone modifications is false?

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Methylation most often occurs to _______ that are next to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutagenesis screen uncovers two discrete mutations, each for a single gene of a given operon that contains the genes that control a biosynthetic pathway.Which phenomenon would likely be observed in an organism that carries both of these mutations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene regulation by tat in HIV occurs at the level of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a bacteriophage undergoing a lytic phase, the early gene products _______ the host genes and _______ the late genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA methyltransferase

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HIV, which causes AIDS, is a(n)

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The Barr body indicates

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The number of Barr bodies in a mammalian cell will be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The TATA box in eukaryotes is most similar to _______ in prokaryotes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A certain operon has structural genes that encode enzymes involved in the synthesis of a glycopeptide.This system is likely to be _, and _ will most likely bind to the operator.

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alternativ...
View Answer

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Methylation most often occurs to _ that are next to _.

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In a bacteriophage undergoing a lytic phase, the early gene products _ the host genes and _ the late genes.

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