Question 1

Information travels through axons that are bundled into the cables we call

Accepted Answer

A)   interneurons.
B)   action potentials.
C)   nerves.
D)   reflex pathways.

Question 2

The movement of positively charged sodium ions across the membrane of a neuron can produce a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   glial cell.
B)   action potential.
C)   myelin sheath.
D)   interneuron.

Question 3

Motor neurons are an important part of the

Accepted Answer

A)   central nervous system.
B)   circulatory system.
C)   peripheral nervous system.
D)   endocrine system.

Question 4

Jason's intensely uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms following heroin use were probably due in part to a reduction in his body's normal production of

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   epinephrine.
C)   acetylcholine.
D)   endorphins.

Question 5

Which of the following makes the human brain unique in comparison to other species?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasticity
B)   phrenology
C)   localization of function
D)   hippocampal repair

Question 6

Increasing excitatory signals above the threshold for neural activation will not affect the intensity of an action potential.This indicates that a neuron's reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibited by the myelin sheath.
B)   delayed by a refractory period.
C)   an all-or-none response.
D)   dependent on neurotransmitter molecules.

Question 7

The brain and spinal cord form the

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomic nervous system.
B)   somatic nervous system.
C)   central nervous system.
D)   endocrine system.

Question 8

The ________ is similar to the nervous system in that both produce molecules that act on receptors elsewhere in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)   central nervous system
B)   endocrine system
C)   peripheral nervous system
D)   autonomic nervous system

Question 9

A synapse is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   chemical messenger that triggers muscle contractions.
B)   automatic response to sensory input.
C)   junction between a sending neuron and a receiving neuron.
D)   neural cable containing many axons.

Question 10

Neurons that enable people to throw a baseball by relaying messages from their central nervous system to their skeletal muscles are called

Accepted Answer

A)   interneurons.
B)   sensory neurons.
C)   glial cells.
D)   motor neurons.

Question 11

The neural impulses sent from your eyes to the visual processing centers of your brain will be no stronger or faster if you glance at a large campfire than if you glance at a burning candle.This best illustrates a characteristic of neural functioning known as

Accepted Answer

A)   reuptake.
B)   depolarization.
C)   selective permeability.
D)   an all-or-none response.

Question 12

A neural impulse is generated only when excitatory minus inhibitory signals exceed a certain

Accepted Answer

A)   action potential.
B)   synaptic gap.
C)   level of reuptake.
D)   threshold.

Question 13

Biological psychologists can be credited for the following discoveries EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)   the human brain is adaptive and is wired by our experiences.
B)   humans integrate information processed in two different brain systems.
C)   specific brain systems serve very specific functions.
D)   nerve cells are able not only to conduct electricity but also to communicate with other nerve cells.

Question 14

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   cell body.
B)   dendrite.
C)   axon.
D)   myelin sheath.

Question 15

Any drug molecule that binds to a neurotransmitter receptor site and mimics the neurotransmitter's excitatory or inhibitory effects is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   glutamate.
B)   steroid.
C)   agonist.
D)   action potential.

Question 16

The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   endorphin.
B)   myelin sheath.
C)   glial cell.
D)   synaptic vesicle.

Question 17

Although phrenology incorrectly suggested that bumps on the skull revealed a person's character traits,phrenology did succeed in focusing attention on

Accepted Answer

A)   synaptic gaps.
B)   action potentials.
C)   the localization of function.
D)   endorphins.

Question 18

At the age of 22,Mrs.LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall.Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)   pancreas.
B)   thyroid.
C)   adrenal gland.
D)   pituitary gland.

Question 19

An all-or-none response pattern is characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of either the sympathetic or the parasympathetic system.
B)   release of endorphins into the central nervous system.
C)   release of hormones into the bloodstream.
D)   initiation of neural impulses.

Question 20

Nerves are neural cables formed from bundles of

Accepted Answer

A)   endorphins.
B)   interneurons.
C)   axons.
D)   lesions.

Exam 4: Neural and Hormonal Systems

The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although phrenology incorrectly suggested that bumps on the skull revealed a person's character traits,phrenology did succeed in focusing attention on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An all-or-none response pattern is characteristic of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nerves are neural cables formed from bundles of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biological psychologists can be credited for the following discoveries EXCEPT that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons that enable people to throw a baseball by relaying messages from their central nervous system to their skeletal muscles are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any drug molecule that binds to a neurotransmitter receptor site and mimics the neurotransmitter's excitatory or inhibitory effects is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ is similar to the nervous system in that both produce molecules that act on receptors elsewhere in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A synapse is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the age of 22,Mrs.LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall.Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Motor neurons are an important part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing excitatory signals above the threshold for neural activation will not affect the intensity of an action potential.This indicates that a neuron's reaction is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jason's intensely uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms following heroin use were probably due in part to a reduction in his body's normal production of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neural impulses sent from your eyes to the visual processing centers of your brain will be no stronger or faster if you glance at a large campfire than if you glance at a burning candle.This best illustrates a characteristic of neural functioning known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following makes the human brain unique in comparison to other species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A neural impulse is generated only when excitatory minus inhibitory signals exceed a certain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Information travels through axons that are bundled into the cables we call

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain and spinal cord form the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of positively charged sodium ions across the membrane of a neuron can produce a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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