Question 1

Fantastic images resembling hallucinations occur with the onset of

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   driver fatigue.
C)   cyberloafing.
D)   NREM-1 sleep.

Question 2

Circadian rhythm refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the pattern of emotional ups and downs we routinely experience.
B)   a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24‑hour cycle.
C)   the experience of sleep apnea following a lengthy transoceanic plane flight.
D)   the cycle of four distinct stages that we experience during a normal night's sleep.

Question 3

According to Freud,the dreams of adults can be traced back to

Accepted Answer

A)   erotic wishes.
B)   stressful life events.
C)   biological needs for brain stimulation.
D)   random bursts of neural activity.

Question 4

A sequence of vivid,emotional,and often bizarre images that pass through a sleeping person's mind describes

Accepted Answer

A)   a daydream.
B)   night terrors.
C)   a dream.
D)   sleep apnea.

Question 5

Sleep deprivation increases levels of the hunger-arousing hormone

Accepted Answer

A)   melatonin.
B)   ghrelin.
C)   leptin.
D)   serotonin.

Question 6

The distinction between manifest content and latent content is central to an explanation of dreams that emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)   neural pathway development.
B)   filing memories for permanent storage.
C)   satisfaction of one's own wishes.
D)   one's current cognitive development

Question 7

A disruption of our 24-hour biological clock as a result of either overexposure or underexposure to light is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep paralysis.
B)   paradoxical sleep.
C)   circadian rhythms.
D)   desynchronization.

Question 8

When dreamers' faces were lightly sprayed with cold water,they were more likely than other dreamers to experience

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep apnea.
B)   hypnagogic sensations.
C)   dreams about water.
D)   paradoxical sleep.

Question 9

Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive development theory
B)   information-processing theory
C)   activation-synthesis theory
D)   wish-fulfillment theory

Question 10

Eighty-year-old Mrs.West feels she has trouble falling asleep at night.She typically gets about 6 or 7 hours of sleep every 24 hours.What should she do about this?

Accepted Answer

A)   take a sleeping pill every night
B)   sleep with the bedroom lights on
C)   drink an alcoholic beverage before bedtime
D)   relax and remind herself that her sleep patterns are normal

Question 11

Brian has greater difficulty remembering what he learns during a foreign language vocabulary tutorial if he experiences less than his normal amount of REM sleep the night after the tutorial.Which theory best accounts for Brian's experience?

Accepted Answer

A)   wish-fulfillment theory
B)   cognitive development theory
C)   neural activation theory
D)   information-processing theory

Question 12

It is difficult to resist food temptations when sleep deprived because

Accepted Answer

A)   the cortical responses that help us resist temptation decrease.
B)   the production of cortisol increases.
C)   the production of ghrelin increases.
D)   the production of ghrelin decreases

Question 13

A need to take larger and larger doses of sleeping pills to avoid insomnia is an indication of

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   tolerance.
C)   sleep apnea.
D)   REM rebound.

Question 14

People who claim to have been abducted by space aliens-often shortly after going to bed-commonly recall being floated off their beds.It is most likely that they have incorporated ________ into their memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep spindles
B)   narcolepsy
C)   hypnagogic sensations
D)   sleep apnea

Question 15

One study found that driving accident rates were higher among Virginia 16- to 18-year-olds whose

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolic rates were higher than average.
B)   father or mother suffered from sleep apnea.
C)   cortisol levels were lower than average.
D)   high school classes started early in the day.

Question 16

Sitting up in bed,talking nonsense,and appearing highly distressed during REM-3 sleep is most characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   sleep apnea.
C)   night terrors.
D)   REM rebound.

Question 17

About three hours after he falls asleep,Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently.His mother tries to awaken him,but with no success.The next morning,he remembers nothing.It appears that Bobby suffers from

Accepted Answer

A)   night terrors.
B)   narcolepsy.
C)   sleep spindles.
D)   sleep apnea.

Question 18

Increased activity in the ________ during REM sleep may best explain why dream images are often accompanied by a strong emotional tone.

Accepted Answer

A)   suprachiasmatic nucleus
B)   frontal lobes
C)   pineal gland
D)   amygdala

Question 19

Sleep deprivation had been found to ________ metabolic rate and ________ limbic brain responses to the mere sight of food.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase;enhance
B)   decrease;diminish
C)   increase;diminish
D)   decrease;enhance

Question 20

For younger adults,the human sleep cycle repeats itself about every

Accepted Answer

A)   30 minutes.
B)   90 minutes.
C)   2 1/2 hours.
D)   4 hours.

Exam 8: Prenatal Development and the Newborn

One study found that driving accident rates were higher among Virginia 16- to 18-year-olds whose

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A disruption of our 24-hour biological clock as a result of either overexposure or underexposure to light is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sitting up in bed,talking nonsense,and appearing highly distressed during REM-3 sleep is most characteristic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fantastic images resembling hallucinations occur with the onset of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased activity in the ________ during REM sleep may best explain why dream images are often accompanied by a strong emotional tone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About three hours after he falls asleep,Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently.His mother tries to awaken him,but with no success.The next morning,he remembers nothing.It appears that Bobby suffers from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is difficult to resist food temptations when sleep deprived because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sleep deprivation had been found to ________ metabolic rate and ________ limbic brain responses to the mere sight of food.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sleep deprivation increases levels of the hunger-arousing hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When dreamers' faces were lightly sprayed with cold water,they were more likely than other dreamers to experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,the dreams of adults can be traced back to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The distinction between manifest content and latent content is central to an explanation of dreams that emphasizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For younger adults,the human sleep cycle repeats itself about every

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A need to take larger and larger doses of sleeping pills to avoid insomnia is an indication of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eighty-year-old Mrs.West feels she has trouble falling asleep at night.She typically gets about 6 or 7 hours of sleep every 24 hours.What should she do about this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brian has greater difficulty remembering what he learns during a foreign language vocabulary tutorial if he experiences less than his normal amount of REM sleep the night after the tutorial.Which theory best accounts for Brian's experience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Circadian rhythm refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who claim to have been abducted by space aliens-often shortly after going to bed-commonly recall being floated off their beds.It is most likely that they have incorporated ________ into their memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sequence of vivid,emotional,and often bizarre images that pass through a sleeping person's mind describes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Sleep deprivation had been found to metabolic rate and limbic brain responses to the mere sight of food.

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