Question 1

For much of its history,psychologists focused mostly on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the brain.
B)   disorders.
C)   behaviors.
D)   the mind.

Question 2

You are asked to write a newspaper article on a controversial political topic and you want to make sure you are not influenced by the confirmation bias.Which of the following should you do in order to avoid the confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

A)   focus mainly on evidence that you find on your favorite news website
B)   place equal importance on evidence that supports and contradicts your own beliefs
C)   focus mainly on evidence that supports your own beliefs,since it is the most accurate research
D)   place equal importance on evidence you find online and in textbooks

Question 3

Workplace training and job placement would be of interest to which type of psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A)   counseling
B)   clinical
C)   industrial/organizational
D)   developmental

Question 4

Which of the following statements best summarizes the role of culture in shaping behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Culture has a minor role that is far secondary to biology.
B)   Culture plays an important role in shaping our behaviors.
C)   Cultural experiences allow us to break down complex ideas.
D)   Culture affects only social behaviors and not the way we think.

Question 5

According to the concept of survival of the fittest:

Accepted Answer

A)   random mutations are always adaptive.
B)   only the biggest animals will survive.
C)   organisms that are most adaptive to their environments are most likely to survive.
D)   organisms that can spontaneously mutate their genes in response to the environment are most likely to survive.

Question 6

Critical thinking is best defined as thinking that:

Accepted Answer

A)   is systematic and reasonable.
B)   is open-minded and creative.
C)   criticizes others' opinions.
D)   uses inferences but does not solve problems.

Question 7

The psychological approach that emphasizes the role of the environment in influencing behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism.
B)   humanism.
C)   psychoanalytic.
D)   none of the above.

Question 8

"I think therefore I behave"-a version of Descartes's statement "I think therefore I am"-indicates the importance of ________ on behavior and would not be agreed with by a behaviorist.

Accepted Answer

A)   reflexes
B)   mental functions
C)   environment
D)   the unconscious

Question 9

Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding the development of psychological therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the last four decades,a scientific approach to the treatment of psychological disorders has emerged.
B)   The scientific approach to the treatment of psychological disorders has mirrored general advances in psychological science.
C)   Most modern psychological therapies were developed using the scientific approach.
D)   Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were the first to emphasize the use of the scientific approach.

Question 10

The psychologists most likely to work in business are ________ psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A)   organizational
B)   clinical
C)   experimental
D)   developmental

Question 11

Which cultural group is most likely to focus on single elements of the foreground in an image rather than on the entire image?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eastern cultures
B)   Western cultures
C)   both Western and Eastern cultures
D)   neither Western nor Eastern cultures

Question 12

Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species had its strongest influence on the ________ school of thought in psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)   functionalist
B)   humanistic
C)   structuralist
D)   psychoanalytic

Question 13

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,________ tend to be ________ in their thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)   Western cultures; holistic
B)   Eastern cultures; holistic
C)   both Western and Eastern cultures; holistic
D)   both Western and Eastern cultures; analytic

Question 14

The idea that the mind came into existence over the course of human evolution is the viewpoint of:

Accepted Answer

A)   structuralism.
B)   functionalism.
C)   behaviorism.
D)   none of the above.

Question 15

Which early school of psychology used introspection to study subjective mental experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)   functionalism
B)   behavioral
C)   cognitive
D)   structuralism

Question 16

Which area of psychology studies how shared ideas and behaviors are passed from one generation to the next?

Accepted Answer

A)   biological
B)   individual
C)   cultural
D)   none of the above

Question 17

According to ________ theory,the brain has adapted over millions of years to solve problems related to survival and reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A)   adaptational
B)   evolutionary
C)   the nature/nurture
D)   the neurochemical

Question 18

Which of the following psychologists are most closely associated with social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Watson and Skinner
B)   Allport and Lewin
C)   Freud and Jung
D)   Titchener and Wundt

Question 19

Paul researches how cooperation in humans increases our ability to survive and successfully raise children.Paul uses a(n) ________ approach in his research.

Accepted Answer

A)   structuralist
B)   functionalist
C)   evolutionary
D)   cognitive

Question 20

Which of the following is the best definition of psychological science?

Accepted Answer

A)   the study of the brain and its function
B)   the study of the mind,the brain,and thought processes
C)   the study of the mind,the brain,and behavior
D)   the study of the mind,the psyche,and behavior

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following psychologists are most closely associated with social psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Workplace training and job placement would be of interest to which type of psychologist?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which early school of psychology used introspection to study subjective mental experiences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"I think therefore I behave"-a version of Descartes's statement "I think therefore I am"-indicates the importance of ________ on behavior and would not be agreed with by a behaviorist.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychological approach that emphasizes the role of the environment in influencing behavior is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species had its strongest influence on the ________ school of thought in psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychologists most likely to work in business are ________ psychologists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best definition of psychological science?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett,________ tend to be ________ in their thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which area of psychology studies how shared ideas and behaviors are passed from one generation to the next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Critical thinking is best defined as thinking that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best summarizes the role of culture in shaping behaviors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paul researches how cooperation in humans increases our ability to survive and successfully raise children.Paul uses a(n) ________ approach in his research.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which cultural group is most likely to focus on single elements of the foreground in an image rather than on the entire image?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the concept of survival of the fittest:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding the development of psychological therapy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For much of its history,psychologists focused mostly on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to ________ theory,the brain has adapted over millions of years to solve problems related to survival and reproduction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are asked to write a newspaper article on a controversial political topic and you want to make sure you are not influenced by the confirmation bias.Which of the following should you do in order to avoid the confirmation bias?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that the mind came into existence over the course of human evolution is the viewpoint of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to research conducted by Richard Nisbett, tend to be in their thinking.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified