Question 1

Many colleges assess potential faculty members' teaching abilities by observing them teach.This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by ________ theorists.

Accepted Answer

A)   social-cognitive
B)   psychodynamic
C)   humanistic
D)   trait

Question 2

Neo-Freudians such as ________ were among the first to highlight a masculine bias in Freud's theories.

Accepted Answer

A)   Carl Jung
B)   Karen Horney
C)   Alfred Adler
D)   Henry Murray

Question 3

Humanistic theorists have been criticized for

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimating the impact of childhood experiences on adult personality.
B)   underestimating the inconsistency of behavior from one situation to another.
C)   overestimating the degree of similarity among people.
D)   underestimating the inherent human capacity for destructive and evil behaviors.

Question 4

In one study,brain scans suggested that collectivists experience greater emotional pain than individualists when viewing other people in distress.This study best illustrates the methods and interests of

Accepted Answer

A)   humanistic psychology.
B)   cultural neuroscience.
C)   behaviorism.
D)   the social-cognitive perspective.

Question 5

During football season,when a team loses,fans will believe that factors other than team performance (such as poor officiating) were responsible for the loss.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal determinism.
B)   the spotlight effect.
C)   self-serving bias.
D)   narcissism.

Question 6

Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as

Accepted Answer

A)   genuineness.
B)   unconditional positive regard.
C)   self-actualization.
D)   the ideal self.

Question 7

In assessing a client's personal growth,Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between

Accepted Answer

A)   self-transcendence and self-actualization.
B)   the ideal self and the actual self.
C)   the client's values and the therapist's values.
D)   unconditional positive regard and self-actualization.

Question 8

According to Freud,the unconscious is

Accepted Answer

A)   the part of personality that cannot process information.
B)   the thoughts,wishes,feelings,and memories of which we are largely unaware.
C)   a set of universal concepts acquired by all humans from our common past.
D)   a reservoir of deeply repressed memories that do not affect behavior.

Question 9

Freud emphasized that unresolved childhood conflicts often lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   identification.
B)   an Oedipus complex.
C)   free association.
D)   a fixation.

Question 10

Matt reported a dream in which he repeatedly fell off a horse.His therapist suggested that his dream reflected Matt's mixed feelings of affection and resentment toward his father.According to Freud,the therapist was attempting to reveal the dream's

Accepted Answer

A)   factor analysis.
B)   latent content.
C)   erogenous zone.
D)   psychosexual stage.

Question 11

Abraham Maslow studied the lives of people such as Abraham Lincoln in order to understand the nature of

Accepted Answer

A)   empathy.
B)   an ideal self.
C)   self-actualization.
D)   unconditional positive regard.

Question 12

Self-efficacy refers to our experience of our own

Accepted Answer

A)   narcissism.
B)   self-serving bias.
C)   competence.
D)   self-disclosure.

Question 13

Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call

Accepted Answer

A)   schemas.
B)   the false consensus effect.
C)   an inferiority complex.
D)   priming.

Question 14

To identify a relatively small number of the most basic personality traits,trait theorists have used

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal determinism.
B)   heritability.
C)   the MMPI.
D)   factor analysis.

Question 15

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle,we are likely to ________ the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to ________ the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimate;underestimate
B)   underestimate;overestimate
C)   overestimate;overestimate
D)   underestimate;underestimate

Question 16

According to Carl Rogers,people who are self-disclosing and open with their own feelings are demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)   self-transcendence.
B)   individualism.
C)   empathy.
D)   genuineness.

Question 17

Freud suggested that defense mechanisms protect an individual from

Accepted Answer

A)   anxiety.
B)   an inferiority complex.
C)   the collective unconscious.
D)   erogenous zones.

Question 18

Personality inventories are designed to assess several ________ at once.

Accepted Answer

A)   personalities
B)   types of cultures
C)   motives
D)   traits

Question 19

When people compare their personal qualities with those of the average person,they are most likely to experience

Accepted Answer

A)   low self-esteem.
B)   poor self-image.
C)   the spotlight effect.
D)   high self-esteem.

Question 20

According to a number of distinguished psychologists,a major purpose of the defense mechanisms described by Freud is the protection of self-esteem.Give an example of how repression,reaction formation,projection,rationalization,displacement,and denial could each be used to protect or even enhance a positive self-image.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to a number of distinguished psychologists,a...

Exam 13: Personality

Self-efficacy refers to our experience of our own

Correct Answer
verified

Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call

Correct Answer
verified

According to Carl Rogers,people who are self-disclosing and open with their own feelings are demonstrating

Correct Answer
verified

According to Freud,the unconscious is

Correct Answer
verified

Abraham Maslow studied the lives of people such as Abraham Lincoln in order to understand the nature of

Correct Answer
verified

Matt reported a dream in which he repeatedly fell off a horse.His therapist suggested that his dream reflected Matt's mixed feelings of affection and resentment toward his father.According to Freud,the therapist was attempting to reveal the dream's

Correct Answer
verified

Freud suggested that defense mechanisms protect an individual from

Correct Answer
verified

Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as

Correct Answer
verified

Humanistic theorists have been criticized for

Correct Answer
verified

Neo-Freudians such as ________ were among the first to highlight a masculine bias in Freud's theories.

Correct Answer
verified

When people compare their personal qualities with those of the average person,they are most likely to experience

Correct Answer
verified

Freud emphasized that unresolved childhood conflicts often lead to

Correct Answer
verified

To identify a relatively small number of the most basic personality traits,trait theorists have used

Correct Answer
verified

Many colleges assess potential faculty members' teaching abilities by observing them teach.This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by ________ theorists.

Correct Answer
verified

Personality inventories are designed to assess several ________ at once.

Correct Answer
verified

In one study,brain scans suggested that collectivists experience greater emotional pain than individualists when viewing other people in distress.This study best illustrates the methods and interests of

Correct Answer
verified

During football season,when a team loses,fans will believe that factors other than team performance (such as poor officiating) were responsible for the loss.This best illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

In assessing a client's personal growth,Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle,we are likely to the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Personality

Self-efficacy refers to our experience of our own

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Carl Rogers,people who are self-disclosing and open with their own feelings are demonstrating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,the unconscious is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Abraham Maslow studied the lives of people such as Abraham Lincoln in order to understand the nature of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Matt reported a dream in which he repeatedly fell off a horse.His therapist suggested that his dream reflected Matt's mixed feelings of affection and resentment toward his father.According to Freud,the therapist was attempting to reveal the dream's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud suggested that defense mechanisms protect an individual from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanistic theorists have been criticized for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neo-Freudians such as ________ were among the first to highlight a masculine bias in Freud's theories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people compare their personal qualities with those of the average person,they are most likely to experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud emphasized that unresolved childhood conflicts often lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To identify a relatively small number of the most basic personality traits,trait theorists have used

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many colleges assess potential faculty members' teaching abilities by observing them teach.This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by ________ theorists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Personality inventories are designed to assess several ________ at once.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one study,brain scans suggested that collectivists experience greater emotional pain than individualists when viewing other people in distress.This study best illustrates the methods and interests of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During football season,when a team loses,fans will believe that factors other than team performance (such as poor officiating) were responsible for the loss.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In assessing a client's personal growth,Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle,we are likely to ________ the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to ________ the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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verified

If we are nervous about our personal appearance after adopting a new hairstyle,we are likely to the extent to which others notice our nervousness and we are likely to the extent to which they notice our new hairstyle.

Correct Answer
verified