Question 1

Compared with unmyelinated axons,myelinated axons are

Accepted Answer

A)   faster at transmitting action potentials and use relatively less energy.
B)   energy efficient,but are slower at transmitting action potentials.
C)   faster at transmitting action potentials,but require more energy.
D)   slower at transmitting action potentials and require more energy.

Question 2

Sodium-potassium pumps move

Accepted Answer

A)   potassium out of the cell and sodium into the cell.
B)   sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.
C)   both sodium and potassium into the cell.
D)   both sodium and potassium out of the cell.

Question 3

A structural matrix for neurons is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocytes.
B)   oligodendrocytes.
C)   Schwann cells.
D)   microglia.

Question 4

What could happen if the neurotransmitter stayed in the synapse longer than it should,rather than being deactivated?

Accepted Answer

A)   The action potential might go on and on and on.
B)   Nothing important,as neurotransmitters can only interact with receptors one time.
C)   The neuron might not be able to fire any more because it would be stuck in the refractory period.
D)   Receptors on the post-synaptic neuron might continue to be stimulated by the neurotransmitter.

Question 5

The fact that neurons fold in on themselves and collapse due to the destruction of microtubules has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following is not a function of microtubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   anterograde transport,or the transport of organelles to the end of the axon
B)   production of ribosomes
C)   helping to maintain the shape of the cell along with the neurofilaments
D)   retrograde transport or transport of organelles back to the cell body

Question 6

What do neuroscientists mean when they use the term "kiss and run"?

Accepted Answer

A)   The presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes actually touch or "kiss."
B)   Synaptic vesicles touch or "kiss" each other inside the presynaptic terminal.
C)   Neurotransmitter molecules "kiss" receptors,and then return to the synaptic gap.
D)   Synaptic vesicles "kiss" the axon terminal membrane,releasing only a part of their contents.

Question 7

In order to understand the way the brain and nervous system function,it is important to remember that

Accepted Answer

A)   the nervous system communicates primarily via electrical messages.
B)   the nervous system communicates primarily via chemical messages.
C)   communication in the nervous system depends on how large the action potentials are.
D)   communication in the nervous system is dependent on both electrical and chemical messages.

Question 8

If the neural membrane were permeable only to potassium,the resting potential would be approximately _________mV.

Accepted Answer

A)   +40
B)   -40
C)   -70
D)   -80

Question 9

Von Economo neurons probably participate in which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)   fast,intuitive assessments of complex situations
B)   regulation of important body functions,including temperature,hunger,and thirst
C)   conscious,deliberate efforts to pay attention to particular stimuli
D)   reflexive motor behaviors

Question 10

A large percentage of the energy required by the nervous system is used by

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium-potassium pumps.
B)   calcium pumps.
C)   anterograde transport within neurons.
D)   retrograde transport within neurons.

Question 11

Which of the types of cytoskeleton fiber provides the majority of the structural support of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   microfilaments
B)   neurofilaments
C)   tau proteins
D)   microtubules

Question 12

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When an action potential reaches an axon terminal,calcium

Accepted Answer

A)   rushes into the cell immediately,because this negatively charged ion is attracted to the now-positive environment of the axon terminal
B)   rushes out of the axon terminal,because this positively charged ion is repelled by the now-positive environment of the axon terminal.
C)   leaves the axon terminal as the action potential recedes,because that is when the calcium channels begin to open.
D)   enters the axon terminal as the action potential recedes,primarily due to diffusion.

Question 14

The largest of the three types of cytoskeleton fibers are the

Accepted Answer

A)   microfilaments.
B)   neurofilaments.
C)   tau proteins.
D)   microtubules.

Question 15

Conduction of action potentials in an unmyelinated axon is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   absolute.
B)   relative.
C)   saltatory.
D)   passive.

Question 16

The primary function of microglia is to

Accepted Answer

A)   digest debris.
B)   provide a structural matrix for neurons.
C)   participate in forming the blood-brain barrier.
D)   form myelin in the central nervous system.

Question 17

Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ionotropic receptors influence a small,local area of a cell,whereas metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging,distant effects on a cell.
B)   Metabotropic receptors influence a small,local area of a cell,whereas ionotropic receptors can have wide-ranging,distant effects on a cell.
C)   Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging,distant effects on a cell.
D)   Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors influence a small,local area of a cell.

Question 18

In the disease multiple sclerosis,axons that were designed to be myelinated lose their myelin.What impact will this have for electrical signaling?

Accepted Answer

In multiple sclerosis (MS), the immune s...

Question 19

In a healthy brain,adjacent microtubules are connected by

Accepted Answer

A)   microfilaments.
B)   neurofilaments.
C)   tau proteins.
D)   phospholipids.

Question 20

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium.Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A commonly used method of lethal injection...

Exam 3: Cells of the Nervous System

A large percentage of the energy required by the nervous system is used by

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A structural matrix for neurons is provided by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the neural membrane were permeable only to potassium,the resting potential would be approximately _________mV.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do neuroscientists mean when they use the term "kiss and run"?

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Compared with unmyelinated axons,myelinated axons are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What could happen if the neurotransmitter stayed in the synapse longer than it should,rather than being deactivated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a healthy brain,adjacent microtubules are connected by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the disease multiple sclerosis,axons that were designed to be myelinated lose their myelin.What impact will this have for electrical signaling?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIn multiple sclerosis (MS), the immune s...View AnswerShow Answer

When an action potential reaches an axon terminal,calcium

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Von Economo neurons probably participate in which of the following functions?

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The primary function of microglia is to

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Conduction of action potentials in an unmyelinated axon is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sodium-potassium pumps move

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium.Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

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In order to understand the way the brain and nervous system function,it is important to remember that

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The largest of the three types of cytoskeleton fibers are the

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Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the types of cytoskeleton fiber provides the majority of the structural support of the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that neurons fold in on themselves and collapse due to the destruction of microtubules has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following is not a function of microtubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In multiple sclerosis (MS), the immune s...
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