Question 1

According to the social learning theorists,the learning of appropriate gender roles can take place directly or it can take place without any direct reward for observing and remembering the actions of others,which is referred to as _______ learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  vicarious
B)  innate
C)  unconscious
D)  inverse

Question 2

Your friend Dan states that to be comfortable in a particular job,a person's personality must match the nature of the work.Dan believes that the behavior of people is strongly influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  external situations or circumstances.
B)  lasting personal dispositions.
C)  ego defense mechanisms.
D)  a striving for congruence.

Question 3

Regarding the social learning theorists' view of personality and gender,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  From birth onward,children are labeled as boys or girls and encouraged to learn appropriate gender roles.
B)  Imitiation refers to the child's emotional attachment to admired adults.
C)  Many "male" or "female" traits come from children's attempts to imitate a same­sex parent with whom they identify.
D)  The learning of sex-appropriate behaviors takes place vicariously as well as directly.

Question 4

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Accepted Answer

A)  "honesty" is considered a secondary trait.
B)  "honesty" is the result of a lack of fixation during psychosocial development.
C)  knowing a person is "honest" allows us to predict his or her behavior in a multitude of situations.
D)  the specific situation would have to be known in order to make a "correct" prediction.

Question 5

According to behavioral personality theorists,what is predictable about personality is that people tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  react in an angry and aggressive manner when frustrated.
B)  be dominated by their inborn temperamental traits.
C)  respond differently based on their age,gender,and cultural differences.
D)  respond in consistent ways to certain types of situations.

Question 6

Regarding self-reinforcement,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mildly depressed college students tend to have low rates of self-reinforcement.
B)  Higher rates of self-reinforcement are associated with greater life satisfaction.
C)  The use of self-reinforcement is closely related to high self-esteem.
D)  Self­reinforcement can be thought of as the social learning theorist's counterpart to fixation.

Question 7

According to the learning theorists,a passive or active orientation toward the world may develop as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  feeding experiences.
B)  toilet training.
C)  sex education.
D)  expression of anger.

Question 8

Which of the following theorists favor substituting "stable learned responses" for "traits" in order to explain a person's actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  neo-Freudians
B)  strict psychoanalysts
C)  strict learning theorists
D)  humanistic theorists

Question 9

Many of the seemingly "astounding" coincidences shared by reunited twins may occur because twins tend to notice similarities and ignore the differences,which illustrates the tendency called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many of the seemingly "astounding" coincidences shared...

Question 10

Kearstein is quiet and shy,although she is less quiet and shy when she is at family gatherings than when she is in her college class.This example of Kearstein supports the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  situational fixations.
B)  possible selves.
C)  incongruence.
D)  trait-situation interaction.

Question 11

In order to improve Mike's grades,his mother has been using various reinforcements to encourage studying and the completion of homework.She has observed that playing a board game with him is worth more to Mike than buying him a small toy or candy treat.That Mike considers his mother's time more important to him than a toy or treat illustrates Julian Rotter's concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement value.
B)  self-efficacy.
C)  the psychological situation.
D)  an expectancy.

Question 12

Feeding and toilet training are capable of leaving a lasting imprint on personality with the behaviorists referring to these as

Accepted Answer

A)  conditions of worth.
B)  fixations.
C)  critical situations.
D)  initiating behaviors.

Question 13

Amina is frustrated by her older brother Kelvin,who takes a toy from her.According to behavioral theorists,Amina could respond in several ways with her responses being guided by

Accepted Answer

A)  her ego ideal and the strength of her conscience.
B)  her inborn trait dimension of agreeableness.
C)  available cues and the previous effects of each response.
D)  the tendency of females to engage in instrumental behaviors rather than expressive behaviors.

Question 14

According to Dollard and Miller,drive,cue,response,and reward are the four elements of learning that govern our learned behavior patterns known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Dollard and Miller,drive,cue,response,and reward are...

Question 15

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys have more chances to observe adults and other children acting aggressively.
B)  Girls are less likely than boys to imitate directly aggressive behaviors,such as shouting or hitting.
C)  Girls are more likely to rely on indirectly aggressive behaviors,such as excluding others from friendship and spreading rumors.
D)  Over the last few years,girls have become more willing to engage in direct aggression as popular culture presents more images of directly aggressive women.

Question 16

When Anthony gets a test paper back on which he earned an "A," phrases like,"atta boy" and "good going" pop into his head,and he feels a sense of pride in his accomplishments.This illustrates the social learning concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  the ego ideal.
B)  self-reinforcement.
C)  conditions of worth.
D)  unconditional positive regard.

Question 17

Regarding the critical situation of feeding,a child who is allowed to cry without being fed learns to

Accepted Answer

A)  be aggressive.
B)  actively manipulate their parents.
C)  be passive.
D)  develop self-efficacy in situations.

Question 18

Kierra was invited to go water skiing,an activity she has not done before.Kierra believes she has the ability to learn to water ski and keep up with her more experienced friends because she is a fast learner.Bandura would say that Kierra shows high

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualizing.
B)  organismic valuing.
C)  congruence.
D)  self-efficacy.

Question 19

Which personality theory emphasizes that one's actions are always a product of both prior learning and the situation in which we find ourselves?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral theory
B)  humanistic theory
C)  psychodynamic theory
D)  trait theory

Question 20

According to the text,early behaviorists overlooked a crucial element in their theories of personality,which is the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  much of behavior is affected by the situation in which it occurs.
B)  behaviors are identical to personality,which is shaped by learning.
C)  people have stable traits that are unchanged by experience.
D)  people think and have different perceptions and expectations.

Exam 53: Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Regarding the critical situation of feeding,a child who is allowed to cry without being fed learns to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following theorists favor substituting "stable learned responses" for "traits" in order to explain a person's actions?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the learning theorists,a passive or active orientation toward the world may develop as a result of

Correct Answer
verified

Kierra was invited to go water skiing,an activity she has not done before.Kierra believes she has the ability to learn to water ski and keep up with her more experienced friends because she is a fast learner.Bandura would say that Kierra shows high

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Many of the seemingly "astounding" coincidences shared by reunited twins may occur because twins tend to notice similarities and ignore the differences,which illustrates the tendency called the _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding self-reinforcement,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Your friend Dan states that to be comfortable in a particular job,a person's personality must match the nature of the work.Dan believes that the behavior of people is strongly influenced by

Correct Answer
verified

According to the social learning theorists,the learning of appropriate gender roles can take place directly or it can take place without any direct reward for observing and remembering the actions of others,which is referred to as _______ learning.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Dollard and Miller,drive,cue,response,and reward are the four elements of learning that govern our learned behavior patterns known as _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Kearstein is quiet and shy,although she is less quiet and shy when she is at family gatherings than when she is in her college class.This example of Kearstein supports the concept of

Correct Answer
verified

Feeding and toilet training are capable of leaving a lasting imprint on personality with the behaviorists referring to these as

Correct Answer
verified

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Correct Answer
verified

Regarding the social learning theorists' view of personality and gender,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

When Anthony gets a test paper back on which he earned an "A," phrases like,"atta boy" and "good going" pop into his head,and he feels a sense of pride in his accomplishments.This illustrates the social learning concept of

Correct Answer
verified

According to behavioral personality theorists,what is predictable about personality is that people tend to

Correct Answer
verified

Amina is frustrated by her older brother Kelvin,who takes a toy from her.According to behavioral theorists,Amina could respond in several ways with her responses being guided by

Correct Answer
verified

Which personality theory emphasizes that one's actions are always a product of both prior learning and the situation in which we find ourselves?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the text,early behaviorists overlooked a crucial element in their theories of personality,which is the fact that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 53: Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Regarding the critical situation of feeding,a child who is allowed to cry without being fed learns to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following theorists favor substituting "stable learned responses" for "traits" in order to explain a person's actions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the learning theorists,a passive or active orientation toward the world may develop as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kierra was invited to go water skiing,an activity she has not done before.Kierra believes she has the ability to learn to water ski and keep up with her more experienced friends because she is a fast learner.Bandura would say that Kierra shows high

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many of the seemingly "astounding" coincidences shared by reunited twins may occur because twins tend to notice similarities and ignore the differences,which illustrates the tendency called the _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding self-reinforcement,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend Dan states that to be comfortable in a particular job,a person's personality must match the nature of the work.Dan believes that the behavior of people is strongly influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the social learning theorists,the learning of appropriate gender roles can take place directly or it can take place without any direct reward for observing and remembering the actions of others,which is referred to as _______ learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Dollard and Miller,drive,cue,response,and reward are the four elements of learning that govern our learned behavior patterns known as _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kearstein is quiet and shy,although she is less quiet and shy when she is at family gatherings than when she is in her college class.This example of Kearstein supports the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feeding and toilet training are capable of leaving a lasting imprint on personality with the behaviorists referring to these as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the social learning theorists' view of personality and gender,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Anthony gets a test paper back on which he earned an "A," phrases like,"atta boy" and "good going" pop into his head,and he feels a sense of pride in his accomplishments.This illustrates the social learning concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to behavioral personality theorists,what is predictable about personality is that people tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amina is frustrated by her older brother Kelvin,who takes a toy from her.According to behavioral theorists,Amina could respond in several ways with her responses being guided by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which personality theory emphasizes that one's actions are always a product of both prior learning and the situation in which we find ourselves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,early behaviorists overlooked a crucial element in their theories of personality,which is the fact that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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