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Chronological organization involves either forward or backward progression.

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Historical speeches and how-to speeches are the two kinds of speeches that are usually organized chronologically.

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On the whole,U.S.speakers tend to be more linear and direct than speakers from Semitic,Asian,Romance,or Russian cultures.

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In his speech on varying explanations of how the earth came into existence,Eduardo begins with opinions,moves to inferences,and uses scientific facts in support of his last point.What principle of supporting material organization is Eduardo reflecting in his speech?


A) primacy-recency
B) "soft" to "hard" evidence
C) complexity
D) specificity

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A speech topic that presents an issue that needs resolving can best be organized as


A) a topical pattern.
B) a recency pattern.
C) a problem-solution pattern.
D) a chronological pattern.

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Standard outline form lets you see at a glance the exact relationship among various main ideas,subpoints,and supporting material in your speech.

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Transitions,previews,and summaries are all examples of


A) signposts.
B) main ideas.
C) supporting material.
D) organization.

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A planned pause in a speech may be used as


A) a time to catch your breath.
B) a nonverbal transition.
C) an internal preview.
D) an effective filler.

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Paul describes how hunger is a world-wide problem,and then explains that there is a hunger problem in America.Finally,he describes a family suffering in his hometown.The principle of supporting material organization that Paul employs here is the


A) primacy-recency principle.
B) complexity principle.
C) "soft" to "hard" evidence principle.
D) specificity principle.

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The speech outline which contains the specific purpose,the introduction,all main ideas with supporting material,and a conclusion is the


A) numerical outline.
B) delivery outline.
C) preparation outline.
D) preliminary outline.

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______organization is based on location or position.

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The principle of primacy suggests that you discuss your most important or convincing point first in your speech.

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According to the principle of recency,the point discussed first is the one the audience will remember best.

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Hard evidence includes factual examples and statistics.

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Deanna makes the claim in her persuasive speech that unregulated car emissions in major urban areas contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer,which contributes to global warming.Which type of organizational pattern is reflected in this example?


A) cause-effect
B) topical
C) problem-solution
D) spatial

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Words and phrases,such as "in addition," "in other words," and "therefore," are examples of


A) verbal transitions.
B) organizational material.
C) nonverbal transitions.
D) summary statements.

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List the two types of speech outlines and explain their purpose.

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1.Preparation outline: allows the speake...

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If your main ideas range from simple to complicated,it makes sense to arrange them in order of complexity,progressing from the more complex to the simplest.

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Organizational cues for your audience's ears are known as


A) relevant movements.
B) markers.
C) supports.
D) signposts.

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If your audience knows about an action or program that has been implemented but does not know the reason for its implementation,you would most likely select a chronological pattern of organization.

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