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In long-term memory, the ________ memory division does not require much effort or attention to recall information.


A) procedural
B) episodic
C) visual-spatial
D) prospective

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The most common drugs that are used to treat Alzheimer's disease work by boosting the amount of ________ in the brain by inhibiting its breakdown.


A) glutamate
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) serotonin

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Danny has been collecting comic books since he was a child. If you ask him, he can tell you the name of every comic in his collection. However, he routinely struggles to remember the names of his new employees at work. Which concept is being illustrated?


A) Retrieval failure
B) The paradox of memory
C) Encoding difficulties
D) Retrieval interference

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According to the authors, our memory is most like ________.


A) hardened metal
B) melting wax
C) an old photograph
D) a tape recorder

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Long-term potentiation, which enhances learning, depends upon the neurotransmitter ________.


A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) glutamate
D) GABA

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After you finish reading this sentence, the information will remain in your ________ as you consider each of the answers below.


A) long-term memory
B) photographic memory
C) sensory memory
D) short-term memory

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An important criticism of the levels-of-processing model is that it is


A) an extraordinary claim that is unsupported by research.
B) an incomplete explanation of the working of memory.
C) unfalsifiable.
D) unsupported by research data.

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The order of the basic memory processes in which information enters the memory system and is later used is


A) encoding, retrieval, and storage.
B) encoding, storage, and retrieval.
C) acquisition, elaboration, and storage.
D) acquisition, encoding, and retrieval.

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During lecture each day, a psychology professor may explain four main points he or she wishes the class to retain. However, most students do not think about the material again until the following class period two days later. The forgetting that occurs between classes is most likely the result of


A) bias.
B) decay.
C) interference.
D) suggestibility.

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Sabrina has a psychology midterm tomorrow afternoon. Before taking her test, she has to go to her sociology class in the morning. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why Sabrina might struggle on her psychology exam?


A) Decay
B) Limited capacity of long-term memory
C) Interference
D) Retrieval inhibition

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It is believed that the ________ memory system may handle automatic remembering, while the ________ memory system requires conscious effort.


A) depth; elaborative
B) prospective; retrospective
C) primacy; recency
D) implicit; explicit

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Textbooks often give quizzes at the end of chapters to help students identify what material they know and what material they need to spend more time reviewing. This understanding demonstrates ________.


A) meta-memory
B) implicit memory
C) source monitoring
D) semantic networking

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Dr James advises that if you study for your next psychology exam in the same room where you take the exam, your score will improve. He is basing this advice on


A) state-dependent learning.
B) recognition specificity.
C) context-dependent learning.
D) familiarity schemas.

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Dr Vargas can remember hundreds of students' names from his 25 years of university teaching, but has difficulty remembering the new three-digit area code for his home phone number. This is one illustration of ________.


A) false memories
B) iconic memory
C) meta-memory
D) the paradox of memory

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According to the research on the primacy effect, if your father read you a list of 10 items to pick up at the hardware store, you would most easily recall those items


A) from early in the list.
B) in the middle of the list.
C) from the end of the list.
D) that are most distinctive.

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After presenting groups of research participants words like thread, eye, pin, syringe, sewing, sharp, and thimble, a memory researcher asks the participants whether they remember seeing the word needle. The fact that many participants do is an example of ________.


A) amnesia
B) déjà vu
C) memory illusion
D) permastore

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Discuss the three important ways in which the short-term and long-term memory systems differ.

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Answers will vary but need to include th...

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Research seeking the engram, conducted by Lashley, has conclusively demonstrated that


A) the cerebellum is the place in the brain where memory is stored.
B) the hippocampus is the place in the brain where memory is stored.
C) the prefrontal cortex is the place in the brain where memory is stored.
D) there is no single place in the brain where memory is exclusively stored.

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The most important factor in the majority of the cases where DNA evidence led to the overturning of a unjust conviction of an innocent person was ________.


A) false confessions
B) faulty eyewitness identification
C) the use of jailhouse snitches
D) the use of "junk" science

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Who is most likely suffering from retrograde amnesia?


A) Billy, who can't seem to learn a foreign language
B) Margie, who can't remember much of anything prior to being attacked on the street after a late-night party
C) Cecil, who can't remember much of anything after his wife died
D) Mariana, who struggles to remember the names of the people she just met

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