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Exam 11: Correlated Groups T-Test

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Question 61

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A major advantage of correlated groups t-test over an independent groups t-test is associated with the control of____________________.

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Question 62

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An important methodological problem to consider in a correlated-groups design is ______.

A) effects of individual differences
B) the need for a larger sample compared to an independent-groups design
C) the greater power of the test produces more Type I errors
D) carry-over effects of the independent variable

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Question 63

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The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of mean difference scores is referred to as the standard error of the difference.

When using the correlated groups t test,it is assumed that the _____ is normally distributed.

A correlated groups t test will usually (but not always) be _____ than a corresponding independent groups t test.

A reading readiness test is administered to 8 matched pairs of first graders.One child of each pair had 3 years of day care experience whereas the other child had none.The results of the test are shown in the following table.(Higher scores indicate greater readiness. ) Assume á=.05,nondirectional test. The critical t for this problem is ______.

In most behavioral science research,the estimated standard error for the correlated groups t test is _____ than the estimated standard error for the independent groups t test applied to the same data.

A correlated groups t-test provides a more sensitive test of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

In a correlated groups t-test it is not necessary to calculate the strength of the relationship.

Dr.August is investigating whether or not women have more job satisfaction after they are given praise or a gift card (different levels or rewards) .She has recruited 10 women from Intel and for 6 months the women received praise then the next 6 months they received a gift card.The conditions were counterbalanced and a survey on job satisfaction was distributed following the treatment conditions or every 6 months until the research was completed.After finishing her study Dr.August was busy writing a grant,therefore she has asked you to analyze her data below.Please note the survey was based on 1-5 Likert scale with high scores indicating high job satisfaction and low score indicating dissatisfaction. Should the confidence intervals be included in the results section?

Because the correlated groups t test involves the analysis of nullified scores,the question of the nature of the relationship is not meaningful.

The correlated groups t test is _____ to violations of the normality assumption.

The major difference between the correlated groups t test and the independent groups t test is that the former is used when the independent variable is manipulated and the latter is used when the independent variable is observed.

The major difference between the correlated groups t test and the independent groups t test is that the former is used when the independent variable is _____ in nature and the latter is used when the independent variable is _____ in nature.

A psychologist examined the relative effectiveness of 2 therapy techniques for the treatment of seasonal depression.A sample of N=5 individuals who display moderate winter depression participated.Each subject was exposed to both light therapy and traditional cognitive therapy at different times.Treatments were counterbalanced to control for order effects.Following their treatment a survey was given measuring depression level.Therefore the dependent variable is a measure of depression after therapy via a questionnaire (1=not depressed 2=some depression 3=neutral 4=not depressed 5=happy. a. b.Is there a significant difference in the effectiveness of light therapy compared with cognitive therapy? Use a nondirectional correlated groups t-test with the alpha set at 0.05. c.Compute the value of eta-squared.Do your results indicate a weak,moderate or strong effect? d.Discern the nature of the relationship between the types of therapy.Which therapy is more effective? e.Write an APA results section to the data above.Remember to include the means and Standard deviations.

The correlated groups t test is typically used to analyze the relationship between two variables when the independent variable is between-subjects in nature.

A correlated groups t test is analogous to an independent groups t test with the effects of individual differences _____ the _____.

Which of the following assumptions may be violated if a very large sample is used?

In a correlated groups t-test the strength of the relationship as indicated by eta² suggest that the proportion of ____________________ in the dependent variable that is associated with the independent variable after the variability related to individual differences has been excluded or taken out.

If the effects of individual differences have not been removed from the raw scores,the eta² for the correlated-groups case would be _____ than if they have been removed,everything else being equal.