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Product form refers to


A) the legal description of an individual item including all its salient characteristics.
B) the SKU designation assigned to a product item.
C) a series of product items that share similar characteristics in terms of usage.
D) variations within its product class.
E) a group of product items that comprise an industry.

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According to the diffusion of innovation concept,early adopters


A) have a fear of debt and use neighbors and friends as information sources.
B) are skeptical and have below average social status.
C) are deliberate and use many informal social contacts.
D) are leaders in social settings and have a slightly above average education.
E) are venturesome, highly educated, and use multiple information sources.

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The consumers who adopt a new product in the earliest stage of a product life cycle are called


A) early adopters.
B) early majority.
C) late majority.
D) laggards.
E) innovators.

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Which stage in the product life cycle is characterized by a slowing of total industry sales or product class revenue?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) decelerated implementation

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All of the following are true about product line extensions except which?


A) This strategy can result in lower advertising and promotion costs.
B) A risk that comes with product line extensions is that sales of an extension may come at the expense of other items in the company's product line.
C) A product line extension raises the level of brand awareness.
D) Line extensions work best when they provide incremental company revenue by taking sales away from competing brands.
E) Product line extensions involve using a current brand name to enter a different product class.

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A branding strategy in which a firm markets some products under its own name(s) and other products under the name of a reseller because the segment attracted to the reseller is different from its own market is referred to as


A) multibranding.
B) generic branding.
C) private branding.
D) mixed branding.
E) multiproduct branding.

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In the CDI/BDI Marketing Dashboard,which segment consumes the MOST fruit drinks?


A) households without children
B) households with children 13 to 18 years old
C) households with children 6 years old or under
D) households with children 7 to 12 years old
E) Because the BDI and CDI show inconsistencies in their measurements, especially in the segment of children under the age of six, it is impossible to answer the question.

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Because of the intangible nature of services,consumers often perceive price as a possible indicator of the __________ of the service.


A) profit or ROI
B) customer value
C) quality
D) target market
E) cost

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An organization's use of a name,phrase,design,symbol,or combination of these to identify its products and distinguish them from those of competitors is referred to as


A) a label.
B) branding.
C) a trademark.
D) a brand name.
E) a trade name.

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Imagine that Eveready has developed solar rechargeable batteries that cost only slightly more to produce than the rechargeable batteries currently available.These solar batteries can be recharged by sunlight up to five times,after which they are to be discarded.Unfortunately,the production process cannot be patented,so competitors could enter the market within a year.Which of the following is the best description of the product life cycle of this product?


A) rapid growth followed by rapid decline
B) long, level beginning, and rapid ascent
C) moderately slow introduction, followed by modest growth, gradually leveling off
D) high introductory sales followed by rapid decline
E) high initial sales followed by slow decline

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The communication aspect of packaging on a can of Campbell's soup would most likely be of the greatest benefit to


A) people in a hurry to get to work.
B) people on a tight budget.
C) people with dietary restrictions.
D) people who are brand loyal.
E) people who love to try new things.

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Imagine that Post Foods introduces a cereal bar-Trail Mix Crunch-just like those Kellogg's and General Mills already have on the market.Post has decided to promote the bars using ads without coupons and to price the bars at about the same price as these other brands.Post Trail Mix Crunch cereal bars will also be distributed to the same stores as the products from Kellogg's and General Mills.Which of the following barriers to new-product adoption will most likely prevent the Post Trail Mix Crunch cereal bars from being a successful product?


A) value barrier
B) psychological barrier
C) risk barrier
D) usage barrier
E) social barrier

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The time a product can be stored before it spoils is referred to as its


A) product life cycle.
B) use-by date.
C) spoilage index.
D) shelf life.
E) expiration date.

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There are several reasons a consumer would be reluctant to adopt a new product.For example,a consumer might be reluctant to adopt a new product because of a risk barrier,which occurs when


A) there is no incentive to change.
B) there are physical, economic, or social fears.
C) there are cultural differences.
D) the financial commitment is too great.
E) the product is not consistent with existing habits.

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Which of the following statements about product line extensions is most accurate?


A) A product line extension strategy typically leads to increased advertising costs.
B) There are no risks associated with a product line extension strategy.
C) When the Clorox Co. joins with Kroger supermarkets to advertise Clorox products in a local newspaper, it is engaged in a product line extension.
D) A product line extension is a form of multiproduct branding.
E) A product line extension is a form of multibranding.

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The launch by Gatorade of chews,bars,powders,shakes,and yogurt is evidence of


A) dynamic development.
B) discontinuous development.
C) product development.
D) symbiotic development.
E) simultaneous development.

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The white apple used by Apple in advertising and on its products is an example of a


A) label.
B) copyright.
C) trade name.
D) patent.
E) logo.

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Place or distribution is a major factor in developing a service marketing strategy because of the __________ of services.


A) inventory
B) inseparability
C) inconsistency
D) intangibility
E) information

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Which of the following statements about perceptual benefits conveyed by a product's packaging and labeling is false?


A) Packaging and labeling convey a brand's positioning and build brand equity.
B) Packaging and labeling have been shown to enhance brand recognition and facilitate the formation of strong, favorable, and unique brand associations.
C) The legal requirements for the conveyance of information are an important component of perceptual benefits.
D) Changes in packaging and labeling can update or uphold a brand's image in consumers' minds.
E) The color, shape, and graphics of a package or label can help distinguish one brand from another.

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Known for its popular line of construction toys for boys,LEGO introduced a product line for young girls called LEGO Friends.This is an example of which market modification strategy?


A) finding new users
B) creating new use situations
C) increasing a product's use by existing customers
D) modifying the product
E) reacting to competitors' positions

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