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Exam 6: Ethnicity and Race

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Question 51

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Which of the following statements about human skin color is NOT true?

A) Skin color varies because of differences in ultraviolet radiation between different regions of the world.
B) The amount of melanin in the skin affects the body's production of vitamin D.
C) The amount of melanin in the skin affects the body's ability to process lactose.
D) Light skin is a selective advantage outside the tropics, because it admits ultraviolet radiation, which causes the body to manufacture vitamin D and thus prevents rickets and osteoporosis.
E) Light skin is a selective disadvantage in the tropics, because it is more susceptible to the destruction of the folate that is needed to produce folic acid to protect against neural tube defects in human embryos.

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Question 52

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What term describes an independent, centrally organized political unit, or government?

A) state
B) ethnic group
C) nationality
D) bureaucracy
E) culture

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Question 53

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What is the term for the arbitrary rule that automatically places the children of a union between members of different socioeconomic groups into the less-privileged group?

A key element of multiculturalism is its respect for ethnic diversity.

Hypodescent in the United States automatically determines the race of a child whose parents belong to different racial groups.

Most Americans are not very precise in distinguishing between the terms race and ethnicity.

Institutional discrimination happens when institutions rather than individuals are the targets of discrimination.

There is no difference between the biological and cultural definitions of race.

There is much greater variation within each of the traditional races than between them.