A) a mistranslation of the Bible from Hebrew to Latin.
B) Renaissance belief that horns stood for power.
C) a personal act of revenge on Pope Julius for ordering him to paint the Sistine ceiling.
D) a convention for showing Moses's anger at the Hebrews for worshipping an idol.
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A) as much as four fifths of its population succumb to the Black Death.
B) the military destruction of as much as four fifths of the cathedral's dome.
C) as much as fourth fifths of the Ghibelline population die at Guelph hands.
D) the military destruction of as much as four fifths of the baptistery.
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A) emphasize David's confidence.
B) demonstrate a difference from Donatello's David.
C) show David's inner conflict.
D) portray David as an unconvincing hero.
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A) "humanism."
B) "apex."
C) "rebirth."
D) "exploration."
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A) Attracting skilled artists adds prestige to a ruler.
B) A large family is a ruler's greatest asset.
C) Angels will watch over and protect a ruler.
D) A ruler is always in the public eye.
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A) Masaccio.
B) Donatello.
C) Filippo Brunelleschi.
D) Lorenzo Ghiberti.
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A) make the distant mountains seem larger.
B) emphasize the absence of the tax collector's halo.
C) make the figures behind Christ seem smaller.
D) identify Christ as the fresco's most important figure.
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A) casting each figure separately.
B) using foreshortening.
C) making extensive use of linear perspective.
D) showing figures from behind.
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A) prevent Marsilio Ficino from moving to Rome.
B) give the artists he patronized a studio in which to work.
C) provide a place for the study and discussion of Plato's works.
D) educate his children and the children of other nobles.
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A) because Florentine law dictated youth as a requirement for nude statuary.
B) to represent his own recollected youthful image as a veiled self-portrait.
C) to symbolize Florence's youthful vitality and ability to conquer tyrants.
D) because Cosimo commissioned a statue of a youth for his palace courtyard.
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A) the personification of carnal desire.
B) an allegory for the highest moral qualities.
C) the symbol of the Florentine republic.
D) a threat to man's free will.
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A) smoothly blend the motet's two voices.
B) include each of the Florence Cathedral's seven organs.
C) mirror the proportions of Solomon's Temple and the Florence Cathedral.
D) increase the sonority of the combined voices and instruments.
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A) statue to be placed in the Florence Cathedral.
B) life-size freestanding male nude since antiquity.
C) large statue commissioned by Cosimo de' Medici.
D) large cast-bronze statue since antiquity.
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A) never attainable.
B) attainable in the afterlife only.
C) attainable in this world through contributions to the church.
D) attainable in this world through philosophical meditation.
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