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A time fence in the master schedule is used to prevent unauthorized people from making changes to the schedule.

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Aggregate planning is capacity planning that typically covers a time horizon of one to three months.

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Aggregate planning is used to establish general levels of employment, output, and inventories over an intermediate range of time.

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Consider the following information:  Period  Forecast 120022003300440055006200 Regular Time: $20 per unit ( 280 units per period maximum)  Overtime: $30 per unit (40 units per period maximum)  Subcontracting:  None available  Beginning Inventory:  None  Carrying Cost: $1 per unit per period  Backorder Cost: $5 per unit per period \begin{array} { l l l } \text { Period } & \text { Forecast } \\\hline 1 & 200 & \\2 & 200 & \\3 & 300 & \\4 & 400 & \\5 & 500 & \\6 & 200 & \\\text { Regular Time: } & \$ 20 \text { per unit ( } 280 \text { units per period maximum) } \\\text { Overtime: } & \$ 30 \text { per unit (40 units per period maximum) } \\\text { Subcontracting: } & \text { None available } \\\text { Beginning Inventory: } & \text { None } \\\text { Carrying Cost: } & \$ 1 \text { per unit per period } \\\text { Backorder Cost: } & \$ 5 \text { per unit per period }\end{array} What are total costs for each period?

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$5,680; $5...

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Inventory information for firm ABC:  Inventory at the end of April, 2008: 200 units  Expected demand during April, 2008: 50 units  Production expected during April, 2008: 100 units \begin{array} { l l } \text { Inventory at the end of April, 2008: } & 200 \text { units } \\\text { Expected demand during April, 2008: } & 50 \text { units } \\\text { Production expected during April, 2008: } & 100 \text { units }\end{array} What was the inventory at the end of March 2008?


A) 350
B) 250
C) 150
D) 50
E) 400

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A master production schedule quantity of 300 units will arrive in week 6. Weekly demand over weeks 3 through 10 is forecasted at 50 units. At present, orders have been booked in various quantities in weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. What is available to promise for week 6?


A) 50
B) 6
C) 300
D) 100
E) cannot be determined without projected on-hand information

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Which of the following differs between aggregate planning in services and aggregate planning in manufacturing?


A) uncertainty in demand
B) costs of storing inventory
C) the perishability of capacity
D) cost of overtime
E) cost of hiring

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One option for altering the pattern of demand is:


A) back orders.
B) overtime.
C) part-time workers.
D) inventories.
E) subcontracting.

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Available-to-promise in the first week is equal to beginning inventory plus MPS quantity, if any, less committed customer orders before the next MPS quantity.

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Aggregate planning requires which of the following information? (I) a forecast of expected demand (II) current levels of inventory (III) policies regarding employment levels


A) II only
B) I and II only
C) I and III only
D) I, II, and III
E) II and III only

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A manager has prepared a forecast of expected aggregate demand for the next six months. Develop an aggregate plan to meet this demand given this additional information: A level production rate of 100 units per month will be used. Back orders are allowed, and they are charged at the rate of $8 per unit per month. Inventory holding costs are $1 per unit per month in ending inventory. Determine the cost of this plan if regular time cost is $20 per unit and beginning inventory is zero.  Month  Forecast 1802100312041105100690\begin{array} { l l } \text { Month } & \text { Forecast } \\\hline 1 & 80 \\2 & 100 \\3 & 120 \\4 & 110 \\5 & 100 \\6 & 90\end{array}

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The aggregate plan should look like this...

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The main disadvantage(s) of informal techniques used for aggregate planning is(are) :


A) they are expensive to do.
B) they may not result in the best plan.
C) they take a long time to do.
D) they require the use of a computer.
E) the lack of formal education of the planners.

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Essentially, the output of aggregate planning is the:


A) marketing plan.
B) production plan.
C) rough-cut capacity plan.
D) assignment plan.
E) material requirements plan.

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Demand can be altered in aggregate planning by promotion and producing additional product using overtime.

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Disaggregating an aggregate plan leads to a master schedule.

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Aggregate planners commonly use trial-and-error methods in developing aggregate plans.

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Which one of the following is not a basic option for altering demand?


A) promotion
B) backordering
C) pricing
D) subcontracting
E) All are demand options.

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When the opportunity cost of lost revenue is relatively high, _________ become(s) relatively more attractive.


A) layoffs
B) back orders
C) excess capacity
D) disaggregation
E) minimal inventory

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One option for altering the availability of capacity is:


A) use of overtime or slack time.
B) pricing.
C) promotion.
D) back orders.
E) rigidly fixing work schedules.

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Effectively using labor resources during periods of peak demand and low demand would be the goal of aggregate planners in:


A) manufacturing.
B) military.
C) archeology.
D) libraries.
E) financial services.

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