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Valid statistical inferences cannot be made when sample sizes are small.

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"Tom's SUV rolled over. SUVs are dangerous." This best illustrates which fallacy?


A) Unconscious bias
B) Significance versus practical importance
C) Post hoc reasoning
D) Small sample generalization

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We would associate the term inferential statistics with which task?


A) Making visual displays of data
B) Estimating unknown parameters
C) Describing a sample of data
D) Tabulating a survey

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"Bob didn't wear his lucky T-shirt to class, so he failed his chemistry exam." This best illustrates which fallacy?


A) Small sample generalization
B) Poor survey methods
C) Post hoc reasoning
D) More than one of the above

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Predicting a presidential candidate's percentage of the statewide vote from a sample of 800 voters would be an example of inferential statistics.

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A strong correlation between A and B would imply that B is caused byA.

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Which is not an ethical obligation of a statistician?


A) To know and follow accepted procedures
B) To ensure data integrity and accurate calculations
C) To support client wishes in drawing conclusions from the data
D) To acknowledge sources of financial support

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Which is not a likely area of application of statistics in business?


A) Auditing supplier invoices for correct payment
B) Questioning the executives' strategic decisions
C) Looking for patterns in a large marketing database
D) Making forecasts of several key product lines

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B

The post hoc fallacy says that when B follows A then B is caused byA.

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Which of the following statements is not true?


A) A statistic is a single measure (usually numerical) that is calculated from a sample.
B) Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
C) For day-to-day business data analysis, most firms rely on a large staff of expert statisticians.
D) A statistical test may be significant yet have no practical importance.

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Which of the following statements is not true?


A) Statistics helps refine theories through ongoing hypothesis testing.
B) Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
C) Estimating parameters is an important aspect of descriptive statistics.
D) Statistical challenges include imperfect data and practical constraints.

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A statistical test may be significant yet have no practical importance.

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Which is not a reason for an average student to study statistics?


A) Improve technical writing skills
B) Gain information management skills
C) Enhance technical literacy
D) Learn stock market strategies

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) A parameter is a measure that is calculated from a sample.
B) Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.
C) For day-to-day business data analysis, most firms rely on a large staff of expert statisticians.
D) A statistical test result that is significant also has practical importance.

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Surveying electric vehicle owners would provide a representative random sample of Americans' views on global warming policies.

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Empirical data are collected through observations and/or experiments.

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True

An ethical data analyst would be least likely to:


A) check data for accuracy.
B) cite his/her data sources and their limitations.
C) acknowledge sources of financial support.
D) rely on consultants for all calculations.

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Statistics can help you handle either too little or too much information.

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True

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.

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Business intelligence refers to collecting, storing, accessing, and analyzing data on the company's operations in order to make better business decisions.

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