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What are the five regions of the spine?


A) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
B) cervical, sacrum, thoracic, lumbar, coccyx
C) thoracic, cervical, sacrum, lumbar, coccyx
D) thoracic, cervical, lumbar, coccyx, sacrum

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What determines flexibility?


A) heredity
B) mitochondria
C) ligament length
D) muscle strength

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A stretch should be held in position for a minimum of 45 seconds.

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Which benefit can stretching provide?


A) It allows muscles to lengthen.
B) It can increase risk of injury.
C) It can lead to inflexibility.
D) It can make connective tissue brittle.

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Girls gain how much of their adult bone mass by age 18?


A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 85%
D) 25%

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Nerve roots in the spine are the key component of intervertebral disks.

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List at least four benefits of flexibility,and describe how developing flexibility provides each benefit.

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1. Injury Prevention: Developing flexibi...

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Upon which does static flexibility depend?


A) length of the muscles
B) looseness of the ligaments
C) muscular strength
D) structure of a joint

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Exercise can help prevent and manage low-back pain.

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Which stretching technique do experts recommend for general fitness?


A) static stretching
B) ballistic stretching
C) proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
D) passive stretching

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Which statement describes an appropriate goal for flexibility?


A) It is the same for all people.
B) It depends on individual fitness goals and choice of sports and activities.
C) The more flexibility, the better.
D) For non-athletes, flexibility is not necessary.

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According to The American College of Sports Medicine,how many days a week should one perform stretching exercises?


A) 2 or 3
B) 3 or 4
C) 4 or 5
D) 5 or 6

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Describe the basic structure of the spine.Include information on the vertebrae,intervertebral disks,and nerve roots.

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The spine, also known as the vertebral c...

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In active stretching,an outside force or resistance assists muscles and joints as they move through a range of motion.

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Which structures absorb and disperse stress on the spine?


A) nerve roots
B) vertebral arches
C) intervertebral disks
D) spinal curves

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Describe at least three factors that determine the flexibility of a joint.

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1. Structure of the joint: The type of j...

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Describe the underlying causes of low-back pain.Discuss at least three risk factors.

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Low-back pain can be caused by a variety...

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Which is a disadvantage of active stretching?


A) takes a long time to perform each stretch
B) has a very high risk of injury
C) may not produce a sufficient stretch
D) requires a partner

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Which stretching technique is most commonly associated with injury?


A) static stretching
B) ballistic stretching
C) proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
D) active stretching

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What are the two principal types of connective tissue in a muscle?


A) collagen and myofibrils
B) myofibrils and elastin
C) myofibrils and disks
D) elastin and collagen

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