Question 1

Some authors attribute the rise of modern human behavior more to increasing social competition than to population increase or a mutation that led to reconfigurations of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the name of the land bridge that linked the eastern tip of Siberia to Alaska?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tehuantepec
B)   Pont-Terre
C)   Clovis
D)   Beringia
E)   Monte VerdeF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Climate change and human evolution and expansion are intimately related.Give specific examples of this relationship.Consider the current concern with climate change.How might humans adapt to the impending environmental changes that such climate change is already making felt around the world?

Accepted Answer

Climate change has had a significant imp...

Question 4

Climate changes had a profound impact on the hominin way of life.In southwestern Europe,for example,

Accepted Answer

A)   the melting of the ice sheets with the end of the Würm glacial period gradually pushed big game farther north, pressuring hominins to use a greater variety of foods.
B)   hominins turned to a more specialized diet based on big-game meat after the glacial retreat.
C)   hominins began a sedentary life after the end of the Würm glacial period, forming the first villages in human history.
D)   the melting of the ice sheets with the end of the Würm glacial period caused animal diversity to drop, challenging hominins to shift their diets from meat to coarse grasses.
E)   hominins were forced to migrate northward during the Würm glacial interval.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following aided the expansion of human populations throughout North America?

Accepted Answer

A)   the invention of the wheel
B)   abundant big-game animals
C)   the domestication of primitive horses
D)   widespread slash-and-burn horticulture
E)   raised-field cultivationF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

According to mtDNA analyses,when did the first modern humans leave Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 m.y.a.
B)   1 m.y.a.
C)   over 735,000 years ago
D)   535,000 years ago
E)   no more than 135,000 years agoF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Discuss the Neandertals' dating and geographic distributions.Review and evaluate the various positions that have been taken in interpreting the relationship between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans.

Accepted Answer

The dating and geographic distribution o...

Question 8

Although scientists agree on the nature of behavioral modernity,they disagree on how and where it originated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Clovis tradition-a sophisticated stone technology based on a sharp point that was fastened to the end of a hunting spear-flourished

Accepted Answer

A)  in the central plains,on their western margins,and in what is now the eastern United States between 13,250 and 12,800 B.P.
B)  widely all across the Americas,with archaeological evidence of its reach as far south as Tierra del Fuego.
C)  as the dominant and exclusive cultural tradition of the Americas between 18,000 and 12,000 B.P.
D)  around 18,000 B.P.in northeastern Asia,making possible the successful crossing of the Bering Sea into North America.
E)  in Sahul,the land mass connecting Australia,New Guinea,and Tasmania,around 50,000 B.P.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

How has molecular genetics affected our recent understanding of human evolution?

Accepted Answer

Molecular genetics has greatly impacted ...

Question 11

In this chapter's "Focus on Globalization" section,scientists trace the global spread of anatomically modern humans by constructing a global phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) .What have we learned from this tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   Modern humans spread out of Africa over a million years ago.
B)   There was only one wave of migration into North and South America.
C)   The Ice Age temporarily halted early human migrations.
D)   The Americas were settled by multiple haplogroups rather than a single ancestral population.
E)   Human migrations were not influenced by global climate change.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

In South Africa's Blombos Cave,a 100,000-year-old paint factory was recently discovered.This find indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   modern behavior is much older than anthropologists once believed.
B)   artistic behaviors developed before anatomically modern bodies.
C)   humans made red paint for functional but not symbolic reasons.
D)   Neandertals created art and had symbolic thought.
E)   Neandertals used paint in different ways than anatomically modern humans.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Although the debate on the origin of behavioral modernity continues,archaeological work in many world areas

Accepted Answer

A)   provides undisputed evidence that human anatomical modernity was achieved in Asia.
B)   continues to prove that anatomical modernity preceded behavioral modernity.
C)   illustrates how archaeological evidence is often more reliable than fossil evidence.
D)   suggests strongly that neither anatomical modernity nor behavioral modernity was a European invention.
E)   shows that examples of behavioral modernity are obvious among material remains once they are found.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 14

Compared to Neandertal skulls,anatomically modern specimens found at the Skhūl and Qafzeh sites in Israel have a modern shape.Their brain cases are

Accepted Answer

A)   higher, shorter, and rounder, with a more filled-out forehead region and a marked chin.
B)   larger and longer, with marked brows.
C)   thicker, the result of an adaptation to increased interspecies violence.
D)   rounder and heavier, with a less marked chin.
E)   the largest of all hominins, even beyond modern dimensions.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The Monte Verde archaeological site in south-central Chile dates to at least 1,500 years before the Clovis people (which date to 13,250 B.P.) .This evidence for the early occupation of southern South America,along with other lines of evidence,suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Clovis people were the first humans into South America.
B)  Australopithecus boisei successfully made it to the Americas.
C)  the first migration of humans into the Americas may date back 18,000 years.
D)  the Clovis tradition,a sophisticated stone technology based on a sharp point fastened to the end of a hunting spear,was crucial for migration into South America.
E)  the first migration of humans into the Americas made it there from Asia by crossing the Pacific in reed boats.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

Recent fossil finds from Ethiopia such as the Herto skulls (160,000-154,000 B.P.) and the Omo remains (estimated date 195,000 B.P.) provide accumulated evidence to support the

Accepted Answer

A)  Asian origin of broad-spectrum revolution.
B)  idea that Neandertals originated in Africa and never left the continent.
C)  African origin of anatomically modern humans.
D)  European origin of anatomically modern humans.
E)  crucial role the manipulation of fire played in the advent of behavioral modernity.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

In 1987,a group of molecular geneticists at the University of California at Berkeley offered support for the idea that anatomically modern humans arose fairly recently in Africa,then spread out and colonized the world.The geneticists analyzed genetic markers in placentas donated by 147 women whose ancestors came from Africa,Europe,the Middle East,Asia,New Guinea,and Australia.By estimating the number of mutations that had taken place in the mithochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of each of these samples,the researchers concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)   everyone alive today has mtDNA that descends from a woman (dubbed Eve)  who lived in sub-Saharan Africa around 200,000 years ago and that her descendants left Africa no more than 135,000 years ago.
B)   everyone alive today has mtDNA that descends from a woman (dubbed Eve)  who lived in Asia around 50,000 years ago and that her descendants left Asia 100,000 years ago.
C)   establishing a "genetic clock" to model human evolution is reliable only when focusing on 50,000 years into the past.
D)   everyone alive counts the Neandertal of western Europe as their ancestor.
E)   Neandertals coexisted with modern humans in the Middle East for at least 2,000 years.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

With an estimated date of 195,000 B.P., the Omo Kibish remains appear to be the earliest anatomically modern human fossils yet found in Asia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The stone-tool traditions of the Upper Paleolithic were based primarily on blade tools which,compared to those of the Mousterian,are made more quickly and are better at maximizing the amount of cutting edge from the same amount of stone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In 1997,ancient DNA was extracted from one of the Neandertal bones originally found in Germany's Neandertal Valley in 1856.This was the first time the DNA of a premodern human had been recovered.When comparing this DNA with that of modern humans,the researchers found

Accepted Answer

A)   27 differences between the two, many more than would be expected in closely related humans, suggesting that there may have been little interbreeding between Neandertals and the direct ancestors to modern humans.
B)   only 5 to 8 differences between the two, as is typical of closely related humans, placing Neandertals within modern humans' direct line of descent.
C)   many more mutations in the Neandertal DNA, suggesting the species had been around 100,000 years longer than previously estimated.
D)   no differences, since Neandertals and modern humans are the same species.
E)   that the two samples were not comparable, since the Neandertal DNA was molecularly different from the DNA of the reference sample.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 10: The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

In this chapter's "Focus on Globalization" section,scientists trace the global spread of anatomically modern humans by constructing a global phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) .What have we learned from this tree?

Correct Answer
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Climate change and human evolution and expansion are intimately related.Give specific examples of this relationship.Consider the current concern with climate change.How might humans adapt to the impending environmental changes that such climate change is already making felt around the world?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Climate change has had a significant imp...
View Answer

With an estimated date of 195,000 B.P., the Omo Kibish remains appear to be the earliest anatomically modern human fossils yet found in Asia.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Discuss the Neandertals' dating and geographic distributions.Review and evaluate the various positions that have been taken in interpreting the relationship between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The dating and geographic distribution o...
View Answer

Climate changes had a profound impact on the hominin way of life.In southwestern Europe,for example,

Correct Answer
verified

According to mtDNA analyses,when did the first modern humans leave Africa?

Correct Answer
verified

The Clovis tradition-a sophisticated stone technology based on a sharp point that was fastened to the end of a hunting spear-flourished

Correct Answer
verified

Compared to Neandertal skulls,anatomically modern specimens found at the Skhūl and Qafzeh sites in Israel have a modern shape.Their brain cases are

Correct Answer
verified

What is the name of the land bridge that linked the eastern tip of Siberia to Alaska?

Correct Answer
verified

Although scientists agree on the nature of behavioral modernity,they disagree on how and where it originated.

Correct Answer
verified

Some authors attribute the rise of modern human behavior more to increasing social competition than to population increase or a mutation that led to reconfigurations of the brain.

Correct Answer
verified

Although the debate on the origin of behavioral modernity continues,archaeological work in many world areas

Correct Answer
verified

In 1997,ancient DNA was extracted from one of the Neandertal bones originally found in Germany's Neandertal Valley in 1856.This was the first time the DNA of a premodern human had been recovered.When comparing this DNA with that of modern humans,the researchers found

Correct Answer
verified

The Monte Verde archaeological site in south-central Chile dates to at least 1,500 years before the Clovis people (which date to 13,250 B.P.) .This evidence for the early occupation of southern South America,along with other lines of evidence,suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

In South Africa's Blombos Cave,a 100,000-year-old paint factory was recently discovered.This find indicates that

Correct Answer
verified

The stone-tool traditions of the Upper Paleolithic were based primarily on blade tools which,compared to those of the Mousterian,are made more quickly and are better at maximizing the amount of cutting edge from the same amount of stone.

Correct Answer
verified

How has molecular genetics affected our recent understanding of human evolution?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Molecular genetics has greatly impacted ...
View Answer

Which of the following aided the expansion of human populations throughout North America?

Correct Answer
verified

Recent fossil finds from Ethiopia such as the Herto skulls (160,000-154,000 B.P.) and the Omo remains (estimated date 195,000 B.P.) provide accumulated evidence to support the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

In this chapter's "Focus on Globalization" section,scientists trace the global spread of anatomically modern humans by constructing a global phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) .What have we learned from this tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Climate change and human evolution and expansion are intimately related.Give specific examples of this relationship.Consider the current concern with climate change.How might humans adapt to the impending environmental changes that such climate change is already making felt around the world?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIClimate change has had a significant imp...View AnswerShow Answer

With an estimated date of 195,000 B.P., the Omo Kibish remains appear to be the earliest anatomically modern human fossils yet found in Asia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the Neandertals' dating and geographic distributions.Review and evaluate the various positions that have been taken in interpreting the relationship between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe dating and geographic distribution o...View AnswerShow Answer

Climate changes had a profound impact on the hominin way of life.In southwestern Europe,for example,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to mtDNA analyses,when did the first modern humans leave Africa?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Clovis tradition-a sophisticated stone technology based on a sharp point that was fastened to the end of a hunting spear-flourished

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to Neandertal skulls,anatomically modern specimens found at the Skhūl and Qafzeh sites in Israel have a modern shape.Their brain cases are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of the land bridge that linked the eastern tip of Siberia to Alaska?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although scientists agree on the nature of behavioral modernity,they disagree on how and where it originated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some authors attribute the rise of modern human behavior more to increasing social competition than to population increase or a mutation that led to reconfigurations of the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the debate on the origin of behavioral modernity continues,archaeological work in many world areas

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1997,ancient DNA was extracted from one of the Neandertal bones originally found in Germany's Neandertal Valley in 1856.This was the first time the DNA of a premodern human had been recovered.When comparing this DNA with that of modern humans,the researchers found

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Monte Verde archaeological site in south-central Chile dates to at least 1,500 years before the Clovis people (which date to 13,250 B.P.) .This evidence for the early occupation of southern South America,along with other lines of evidence,suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In South Africa's Blombos Cave,a 100,000-year-old paint factory was recently discovered.This find indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stone-tool traditions of the Upper Paleolithic were based primarily on blade tools which,compared to those of the Mousterian,are made more quickly and are better at maximizing the amount of cutting edge from the same amount of stone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How has molecular genetics affected our recent understanding of human evolution?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIMolecular genetics has greatly impacted ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following aided the expansion of human populations throughout North America?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent fossil finds from Ethiopia such as the Herto skulls (160,000-154,000 B.P.) and the Omo remains (estimated date 195,000 B.P.) provide accumulated evidence to support the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Climate change has had a significant imp...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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The dating and geographic distribution o...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Molecular genetics has greatly impacted ...
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