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_____ is when managers study workflows and develop work practices that focus on increasing efficiency.


A) Comparable worth
B) Scientific management
C) Valuative discrimination
D) Allocation discrimination

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What was the primary way that the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) evaluated student performance?


A) through extensive standardized testing
B) through interviews with students
C) through classroom observation
D) through teacher comments

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Omid and many of his co-workers are upset about their jobs at the factory where they work,especially their wages.They decide to form a union to engage in collective bargaining.What does collective bargaining allow workers to do?


A) better follow the rules of their employees as outlined in the employee handbook
B) increase social networks to help find new jobs in the same industry
C) collectively negotiate with their employer for better working conditions
D) have greater input in the shop-floor culture of their employer

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What have researchers concluded about the quality of minority segregated schools,on average,in terms of student outcomes?


A) They are better than non-minority schools.
B) They are worse than non-minority schools.
C) They are on par with non-minority schools.
D) They are better than private schools.

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Kevin's family moves and he attends a new high school.His new school stresses fitting in with the school environment,which includes creativity,close relationships between students and teachers,and respect for others.Kevin's new teachers comment on how well he is fitting in.What type of conformity is being rewarded in this scenario?


A) moral conformity
B) cultural conformity
C) behavioral conformity
D) All of the answers are correct.

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Which of the following shows the influence of occupational status on interpersonal interactions?


A) A woman waits patiently for an appointment with her doctor,who is running late,but becomes irritated later in the day when she is kept waiting for her manicure appointment.
B) A young man decides to switch his major from sociology to political science because he thinks he may have greater employment opportunities.
C) A boss decides what pay increase a new accountant should receive by reviewing her work performance and attendance record.
D) The president of the United States decides that the country needs to increase jobs and decides to increase funding in low-income areas for more teaching positions.

Correct Answer

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Emotional labor is when


A) a person's "labor" is primarily comprised of thinking and creativity.
B) work requires someone to project an image to a client despite what they are feeling.
C) work requires workers to project only their true feelings to co-workers and customers.
D) workers have to "unwind" at the end of the day from an emotionally draining day at work.

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Which aspect of schooling would a functionalist study?


A) how the educational system fits into the larger society
B) how classmates interact with one another during gym
C) how property taxes pay for instruction and books
D) how schools perpetuate inequalities within society

Correct Answer

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Why do sociologists care about occupational satisfaction?


A) It is thought to be a big part of how happy people are in their lives overall.
B) Occupational satisfaction determines how much money people earn.
C) Satisfied workers answer more positively on occupational prestige surveys.
D) People who are satisfied at work tend to be less satisfied in their personal lives.

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Literacy today is universal;almost all adults in developing and developed nations can read and write.

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What would happen if everyone suddenly had a college degree?


A) Advanced degrees would become less necessary.
B) The value of a college education would skyrocket.
C) All people would have white-collar and professional jobs.
D) The value of a college education would plummet.

Correct Answer

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_____ is the distinctive set of norms that shape daily behavior and interactions on the job.


A) Workplace structure
B) Shop-floor culture
C) Schoolroom culture
D) Organizational environment

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How do students in charter schools compare to students in traditional public schools?


A) Charter school students outperform public school students.
B) Public school students outperform charter school students.
C) There is mixed evidence for which group of students perform better.
D) Public and charter school students perform equally.

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A city's leadership decides to restructure its pay scale.The leaders decide to evaluate jobs based on managerial responsibility,education required,and special skills needs.They decide that jobs that men typically perform will receive a bonus because they are generally the primary breadwinners in a family.This goes against what principal?


A) gender gap in pay
B) comparable worth
C) managerial power
D) allocative discrimination

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Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of charter schools?


A) They are essentially private schools because of who runs them.
B) They are public but are exempt from some rules that govern public schools.
C) They are public schools but they are run by independent organizations.
D) They have expanded dramatically since the 1990s.

Correct Answer

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Anisa and her parents moved to the United States.When Anisa enrolled in school she was placed into a program where she was taught in both her native language as well as English.What type of educational program does this illustrate?


A) school choice
B) online education
C) bilingual education
D) charter school

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Which of the following is NOT a function of schools in which sociologists have been interested?


A) job preparation
B) social integration
C) entertainment for kids
D) transfer of knowledge

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The process by which people come to occupy a level within a social hierarchy is


A) status hierarchy.
B) achieved status.
C) status attainment.
D) status obtainment.

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Schools are very similar in terms of their structure and how they teach students.

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Jamal waits his turn before speaking in class and his teachers note he is polite in his school records.What kind of conformity has Jamal exhibited,according to Stephen Brint?


A) religious
B) moral
C) behavioral
D) cultural

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