Question 1

Spirochetes are able to move due to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   cilia serving as walking feet
B)   a membrane-bound flagellum
C)   glycocalyx for gliding motility
D)   a periplasmic flagellum
E)   pseudopods

Question 2

Flagella move in a whip-like motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

The process of sporangium formation and endospore maturation requires 6-8 hours.What is most likely to result if the temperature of the environment was raised to 100°C about 2 hours after the process started?

Accepted Answer

A)   The chromosome in the endospore would likely carry mutations.
B)   The endospore would form more slowly and be heat resistant.
C)   The endospore would form properly but would be unable to germinate.
D)   The organism would be termed a hyperthermophile.
E)   The endospore would not form properly because it is not yet heat resistant.

Question 4

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   cell membrane
B)   flagella
C)   cell wall
D)   ribosomes

Question 5

Boiling water (100°C)can normally destroy endospores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a single site is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   amphitrichous
B)   lophotrichous
C)   atrichous
D)   peritrichous
E)   monotrichous B

Question 7

A research laboratory that identifies the subspecies of bacterial isolates from a recent Salmonella epidemic would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Accepted Answer

A)   Systematic
B)   Classical
C)   Evolutionary
D)   Determinative

Question 8

When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge,this cellular arrangement is termed a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   strep
B)   staph
C)   sarcina
D)   tetrad
E)   palisade

Question 9

Which is the correct order for the application of reagents in the Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Crystal violet, iodine, alcohol/acetone, safranin
B)   Iodine, safranin, crystal violet, alcohol/acetone
C)   Crystal violet, alcohol/acetone, iodine, safranin
D)   Crystal violet, safranin, iodine, alcohol/acetone
E)   Safranin, crystal violet, alcohol/acetone, iodine

Question 10

The division of microbes termed the Mendosicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lacking a cell wall
B)   archaeal
C)   gram-positive
D)   gram-negative

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   In a cell with peritrichous flagella, each flagellum moves individually but in a coordinated direction during a run.
B)   In a tumble, the flagellum reverses direction, causing the cell to stop moving and change course.
C)   When a cell detects a nutrient gradient, it will increase the frequency of runs to move toward the nutrient.
D)   The fuel for flagellar motion is not ATP, but a proton gradient.

Question 12

Lysozyme is most effective against ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-positive organisms
B)   archaea
C)   mycoplasmas
D)   cyanobacteria
E)   gram-negative organisms

Question 13

The bacterial flagellum has three components.In order from the cytoplasm to the external environment,they are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   hook, basal body, and filament
B)   filament, hook, and basal body
C)   filament, basal body, and hook
D)   basal body, hook, and filament
E)   basal body, filament, and hook

Question 14

Bacterial endospores are produced by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Entamoeba
B)   Bacillus
C)   Mycoplasma
D)   Staphylococcus

Question 15

The short,numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) 
B)   flagella
C)   fimbriae
D)   cilia
E)   pili

Question 16

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be that

Accepted Answer

A)   material would not cross the cell membrane.
B)   the chromosome would unravel.
C)   protein synthesis would stop.
D)   holes would appear in the capsule.
E)   glycogen inclusions would form.

Question 17

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body,germinate,and cause an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endotoxin can cause septic shock in the human body.
B)   Endotoxin is found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls.
C)   Endotoxin can stimulate fever in the human body.
D)   Endotoxin is a bacterial cell wall lipid.

Question 19

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are distinguished from other bacteria by the ______ stain.

Accepted Answer

A)   endospore
B)   basic
C)   methylene blue
D)   Gram
E)   acid-fast

Question 20

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls

Accepted Answer

A)   contain a layer of lipopolysaccharide.
B)   contain more peptidoglycan.
C)   are easily decolorized during staining.
D)   contain unique, waxy lipids. D

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

Spirochetes are able to move due to ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flagella move in a whip-like motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

The process of sporangium formation and endospore maturation requires 6-8 hours.What is most likely to result if the temperature of the environment was raised to 100°C about 2 hours after the process started?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Boiling water (100°C)can normally destroy endospores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a single site is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A research laboratory that identifies the subspecies of bacterial isolates from a recent Salmonella epidemic would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge,this cellular arrangement is termed a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the correct order for the application of reagents in the Gram stain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The division of microbes termed the Mendosicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lysozyme is most effective against ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bacterial flagellum has three components.In order from the cytoplasm to the external environment,they are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial endospores are produced by ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The short,numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body,germinate,and cause an infectious disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are distinguished from other bacteria by the ______ stain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls

Correct AnswerverifiedD

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