Question 1

The sugar molecule present in RNA is

Accepted Answer

A)   uracil.
B)   deoxyribose.
C)   ribose.
D)   sucrose.

Question 2

Most molecules of RNA are ________-stranded.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most molecules of RNA are ________-stranded....

Question 3

Which of the following results would most likely occur if introns were not removed from newly made mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   The introns along with the exons could be used to produce the proteins the cell needs.
B)   The resulting protein would be longer than if the introns were removed.
C)   The resulting DNA would not code for the correct gene.
D)   The resulting rRNA would not code for the correct protein.

Question 4

Because they are so distantly related,the codons for serine in a black widow spider would probably be much different from the codons for serine in bluebirds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by cells to reduce gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)   looser packing of DNA
B)   a specific increase in mRNA breakdown
C)   modification of proteins before their translation
D)   stabilization of a protein so that its "shelf-life" is increased

Question 6

The following figure depicts a gene and two different ways that gene could be mutated.How does Mutation A differ from Mutation B?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mutation A does not permanently change the sequence of the gene,but Mutation B does.
B)   Mutation A involves the insertion of a base,whereas Mutation B involves the deletion of a base.
C)   Mutation A results in a possible change in one amino acid in the protein produced by the gene,but Mutation B affects several amino acids.
D)   Mutation A can only occur in introns,but Mutation B can occur in both introns and exons.

Question 7

In humans,the herbicide atrazine helps RNA polymerase bind to the promoter of the gene for the enzyme aromatase.As a result

Accepted Answer

A)   more RNA for aromatase is produced.
B)   less RNA for aromatase is produced.
C)   the production of aromatase is inhibited.
D)   aromatase is degraded by other enzymes in the cell.

Question 8

Proteins are produced directly from DNA,with no intermediate steps.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)   Every individual has a different genetic code.
B)   Each codon in the genetic code specifies only one amino acid.
C)   The genetic code is redundant.
D)   The same genetic code can be applied to virtually every organism on Earth.

Question 10

A potential danger of a mutation to an organism is that

Accepted Answer

A)   it can affect codons within the spacer DNA.
B)   all mutations are fatal.
C)   it can cause a change in the function of a gene's protein product.
D)   it can increase the length of the introns of that organism's genome.

Question 11

As transcription begins,RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   promoter.
B)   intron.
C)   start codon.
D)   anticodon.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)   It destroys the DNA template.
B)   The DNA molecule must unwind.
C)   Base pairing is unimportant.
D)   The end result is a protein.

Question 13

For a firefly to glow,the enzyme luciferase must catalyze a chemical reaction in the cells of the firefly.A scientist uses a chemical to induce a mutation in the luciferase gene in a strain of fireflies.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Even if the mutation changes the structure of the luciferase protein,it will still be able to perform the chemical reactions needed to make the firefly glow.
B)   The ability of the firefly to glow may or may not be affected by the mutation.
C)   The mutation will affect the structure of the mRNA made from the gene,but not the structure of the protein made from the gene.
D)   Any mutation in a gene causes that gene to stop making functional proteins. B

Question 14

The stop codon is the sequence of bases at which transcription ends.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The lac repressor has been mutated so that its binding site for the operator has been altered to the extent that it is unable to bind to the operator.What is the likely effect of this mutation on the lac operon?

Accepted Answer

A)   The repressor will be unable to bind to the operator;the operon will bind RNA polymerase and it will thus be turned on.
B)   The repressor will bind to the operator despite the mutation,and will suppress transcription of the operon in the presence and absence of lactose.
C)   The lac operon will be protected by the altered repressor.
D)   The repressor will be unable to bind to the operator;therefore,the ability of RNA polymerase to bind there will be severely hampered. A

Question 16

Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because the base at the third position of their anticodon can pair with any one of two or three different bases in the codon;this phenomenon is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some tRNAs can recognize more than one...

Question 17

The chemical structure of bisphenol A (BPA) resembles

Accepted Answer

A)   testosterone.
B)   insulin.
C)   estrogen.
D)   progesterone.

Question 18

During translation

Accepted Answer

A)   many mRNA molecules work with one tRNA molecule and one rRNA molecule to produce a protein.
B)   one tRNA molecule works with paired mRNA molecules and many rRNA molecules to produce a protein.
C)   strings of bonded tRNA molecules work with one mRNA molecule and one rRNA molecule to produce a protein.
D)   one mRNA molecule works with several rRNA molecules and many tRNA molecules to produce a protein.

Question 19

Molecule B in the following image is RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A promoter would be located on

Accepted Answer

A)   the template strand of a DNA molecule.
B)   the anticodon of a tRNA molecule.
C)   an mRNA molecule.
D)   RNA polymerase. A

Exam 12: From Gene to Protein

The sugar molecule present in RNA is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most molecules of RNA are ________-stranded.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following results would most likely occur if introns were not removed from newly made mRNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because they are so distantly related,the codons for serine in a black widow spider would probably be much different from the codons for serine in bluebirds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by cells to reduce gene expression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following figure depicts a gene and two different ways that gene could be mutated.How does Mutation A differ from Mutation B?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans,the herbicide atrazine helps RNA polymerase bind to the promoter of the gene for the enzyme aromatase.As a result

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins are produced directly from DNA,with no intermediate steps.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the genetic code?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A potential danger of a mutation to an organism is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As transcription begins,RNA polymerase binds to a segment of a gene called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of transcription?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a firefly to glow,the enzyme luciferase must catalyze a chemical reaction in the cells of the firefly.A scientist uses a chemical to induce a mutation in the luciferase gene in a strain of fireflies.Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The stop codon is the sequence of bases at which transcription ends.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lac repressor has been mutated so that its binding site for the operator has been altered to the extent that it is unable to bind to the operator.What is the likely effect of this mutation on the lac operon?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because the base at the third position of their anticodon can pair with any one of two or three different bases in the codon;this phenomenon is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical structure of bisphenol A (BPA) resembles

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecule B in the following image is RNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A promoter would be located on

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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B

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A