Question 1

Shrinkage of hepatocytes in the liver causes them to cause which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   glycogen production only
B)   glycogen breakdown only
C)   protein synthesis only
D)   both glycogen production and protein synthesis
E)   both glycogen breakdown and protein synthesis

Question 2

ACE converts

Accepted Answer

A)   renin to angiotensinogen.
B)   angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
C)   angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
D)   angiotensin II to aldosterone.
E)   renin to aldosterone.

Question 3

Removal of excess water in urine is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Removal of excess water in urine is...

Question 4

"Glucose,glucose,every where,nor any speck to utilize" is a phrase made up by one of the authors working on this test question.Similar to the irony of not being able to prevent dehydration by drinking seawater,people with untreated diabetes mellitus are unable to prevent starvation despite the large amount of glucose surrounding their cells; as if that isn't bad enough,dehydration is also a problem.Explain why there is glucose in the urine of such people,why glucose is not present in the urine of normal people,and why diabetics become dehydrated.

Accepted Answer

Glucose is in the urine simply because t...

Question 5

Mary,a nursing student,has been caring for burn patients.She notices that they consistently show elevated levels of potassium in their urine and wonders why.What would you tell her?

Accepted Answer

When tissues are burned,cells are destro...

Question 6

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

Accepted Answer

A)   angiotensin.
B)   cortisol.
C)   erythropoietin.
D)   atrial natriuretic peptide.
E)   adrenaline.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true about angiotensin II?

Accepted Answer

A)   increases cardiac output
B)   activates parasympathetic output
C)   is a potent vasoconstrictor
D)   elevates blood pressure
E)   stimulates thirst

Question 8

The primary route for ion loss from the body is the ________ system.

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory
B)   urinary
C)   digestive
D)   integumentary
E)   cardiovascular

Question 9

AQP2 water pores are added to the cell membrane by ________ and withdrawn by ________ in a process known as ________.

Accepted Answer

exocytosis...

Question 10

Why do patients taking loop diuretics need to take supplemental potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)   They cause active secretion of potassium in the loop of Henle.
B)   They inhibit the reabsorption of potassium as well as sodium in the loop of Henle.
C)   They inhibit intestinal absorption of potassium.
D)   They cause active reabsorption of potassium in the distal convoluted tubule.

Question 11

The primary osmoreceptors are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   pons.
B)   kidney.
C)   stomach.
D)   hypothalamus.
E)   medulla.

Question 12

Stimuli for the activation of the RAAS pathway include

Accepted Answer

A)   low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron only.
B)   a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule only.
C)   high blood pressure in the renal artery only.
D)   low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron and a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule.
E)   low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron, a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule, and high blood pressure in the renal artery.

Question 13

When the pH of body fluids begins to fall,proteins will

Accepted Answer

A)   release a hydrogen from the carboxyl group.
B)   release a hydrogen from the amino group.
C)   bind a hydrogen at the carboxyl group.
D)   bind a hydrogen at the amino group.
E)   cause none of these actions.

Question 14

When the pH rises above 7.45,a state of ________ exists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the pH rises above 7.45,a state...

Question 15

Two hours before major surgery is to begin,the patient experiences "jitters," an elevated heart rate and blood pressure,increased rate of breathing,cold sweats,and an urge to urinate.These symptoms are the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   sympathetic activation.
B)   decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood.
C)   decreased activity of sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus.
D)   increased parasympathetic activity.
E)   all of these mechanisms.

Question 16

Thirst is

Accepted Answer

A)   controlled by centers in the hypothalamus.
B)   triggered by increased osmolarity.
C)   relieved only when plasma osmolarity is decreased.
D)   controlled by centers in the hypothalamus and triggered by increased osmolarity.
E)   controlled by centers in the hypothalamus, triggered by increased osmolarity, and relieved only when plasma osmolarity is decreased.

Question 17

Water reabsorption by the kidneys is a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   both passive and active transport processes.
B)   cotransport with ions.
C)   exchange with ions.
D)   osmosis.

Question 18

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by enzymes primarily located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   kidneys.
B)   liver.
C)   heart.
D)   lungs.
E)   blood vessels.

Question 19

A person who suffers from hyperventilation will exhibit signs of

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis.
B)   respiratory alkalosis.
C)   metabolic acidosis.
D)   metabolic alkalosis.
E)   None of the answers are correct.

Question 20

The anatomical arrangement of the kidney that allows transfer of solutes from one blood vessel to another is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

countercur...

Exam 20: Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Stimuli for the activation of the RAAS pathway include

Correct Answer
verified

AQP2 water pores are added to the cell membrane by and withdrawn by in a process known as .

Correct Answer
verified
exocytosis...
View Answer

When the pH of body fluids begins to fall,proteins will

Correct Answer
verified

Thirst is

Correct Answer
verified

The primary osmoreceptors are located in the

Correct Answer
verified

Two hours before major surgery is to begin,the patient experiences "jitters," an elevated heart rate and blood pressure,increased rate of breathing,cold sweats,and an urge to urinate.These symptoms are the result of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT true about angiotensin II?

Correct Answer
verified

The anatomical arrangement of the kidney that allows transfer of solutes from one blood vessel to another is called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified
countercur...
View Answer

ACE converts

Correct Answer
verified

Removal of excess water in urine is known as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A person who suffers from hyperventilation will exhibit signs of

Correct Answer
verified

When the pH rises above 7.45,a state of ________ exists.

Correct Answer
verified

Why do patients taking loop diuretics need to take supplemental potassium?

Correct Answer
verified

Mary,a nursing student,has been caring for burn patients.She notices that they consistently show elevated levels of potassium in their urine and wonders why.What would you tell her?

Correct Answer
verified
When tissues are burned,cells are destro...
View Answer

Shrinkage of hepatocytes in the liver causes them to cause which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The primary route for ion loss from the body is the ________ system.

Correct Answer
verified

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by enzymes primarily located in the

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Glucose is in the urine simply because t...
View Answer

Water reabsorption by the kidneys is a result of

Correct Answer
verified

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 20: Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Stimuli for the activation of the RAAS pathway include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

AQP2 water pores are added to the cell membrane by ________ and withdrawn by ________ in a process known as ________.

Correct Answerverifiedexocytosis...View AnswerShow Answer

When the pH of body fluids begins to fall,proteins will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thirst is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary osmoreceptors are located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two hours before major surgery is to begin,the patient experiences "jitters," an elevated heart rate and blood pressure,increased rate of breathing,cold sweats,and an urge to urinate.These symptoms are the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about angiotensin II?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The anatomical arrangement of the kidney that allows transfer of solutes from one blood vessel to another is called the ________.

Correct Answerverifiedcountercur...View AnswerShow Answer

ACE converts

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Removal of excess water in urine is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who suffers from hyperventilation will exhibit signs of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the pH rises above 7.45,a state of ________ exists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do patients taking loop diuretics need to take supplemental potassium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary,a nursing student,has been caring for burn patients.She notices that they consistently show elevated levels of potassium in their urine and wonders why.What would you tell her?

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen tissues are burned,cells are destro...View AnswerShow Answer

Shrinkage of hepatocytes in the liver causes them to cause which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary route for ion loss from the body is the ________ system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by enzymes primarily located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedGlucose is in the urine simply because t...View AnswerShow Answer

Water reabsorption by the kidneys is a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

AQP2 water pores are added to the cell membrane by and withdrawn by in a process known as .

Correct Answer
verified
exocytosis...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
countercur...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
When tissues are burned,cells are destro...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Glucose is in the urine simply because t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified